Recebido para publicação em 04/11/2008 Aceito para publicação em 10/11/2009 RESUMO: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as formas de uso de plantas medicinais nativas do bioma Caatinga, em comunidade rural no município de Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte (Nordeste do Brasil). Utilizaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas e estruturadas buscando informações, junto a especialistas locais, sobre o uso das plantas. São descritos os usos medicinais de 62 espécies, reportadas por 12 informantes (mateiros, rezadeiras, raizeiros, agricultores e donas-de-casa) com idade superior a 35 anos. As famílias com maior representatividade na consulta foram Fabaceae (13 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (6 spp.) Cactaceae (3 spp.) e Lamiaceae (3 spp.). Para revelar as espécies mais importantes foi considerado o grau de consenso entre as respostas dos informantes. A aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) e o cumaru (Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A. C. Sm.) destacaram-se como as espécies com o maior número de citações, sendo estas também as que obtiveram o maior número de indicações de usos terapêuticos. As cascas e as raízes foram as partes predominantemente consumidas. Os dados levantados por esta pesquisa evidenciaram uma diversidade de espécies da flora seridoense com potencial medicinal e reforçam a importância que a biodiversidade tem sobre as comunidades rurais, viabilizando o início do estudo de manejo da vegetação local. Palavras-chave: Caatinga, comunidade rural, etnobotânica, plantas medicinais, Rio Grande do NorteABSTRACT: Use and diversity of medicinal plants from Caatinga in the rural community of Laginhas, Caicó Municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State (Northeast of Brazil). The present study aimed to identify the different uses of medicinal plants native to Caatinga biome in a rural community from Caicó Municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Semi-structured and structured interviews with local specialists were used to collect information about the use of such plants. The medicinal uses of 62 species were described by 12 informants (woodsmen, faith healers, herb doctors, farmers and housewives) older than 35 years. The most representative families reported in the survey were Fabaceae (13 spp), Euphorbiaceae (6 spp.), Cactaceae (3 spp.), and Lamiaceae (3 spp.). The degree of consensus among responses was adopted to determine the most important species. The species "aroeira" (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) and "cumaru" (Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A. C. Sm.) were most frequently mentioned and indicated for therapeutic uses. Barks and roots were the most consumed parts. The data obtained in this study indicated a diversity of flora species with medicinal potential in Seridó region (Rio Grande do Norte State) and reinforced the importance of biodiversity in rural communities, starting the study on the local vegetation management.
O presente artigo discorre acerca do impacto ambiental do mercúrio em lâmpadas fluorescentes descartadas no Instituto Federal de Sergipe. Desse modo, criou-se um modelo matemático para calcular a quantidade de mercúrio exposto ao ambiente proveniente de lâmpadas fluorescentes em desuso no Instituto Federal de Sergipe, Campus Lagarto, e seu impacto ambiental. Os resultados indicam que os 50.000 mg (50 g) iniciais de mercúrio contemplam sua totalidade de decomposição a partir do primeiro ano após o descarte. Sendo o limite de tolerância biológica de 0,000033 g de mercúrio por grama de creatina urinária, o mercúrio descartado no Instituto Federal de Sergipe não é somente suficiente para contaminação interna, como a expande também para uma área abrangente de contaminação externa. Observaram-se, através de questionários, que o Município de Lagarto, Estado de Sergipe, não possui pontos de coleta, indispensáveis para o cumprimento da logística reversa das lâmpadas e, por esta causa, os 1.800 alunos do Instituto Federal de Sergipe, Campus Lagarto, bem como o restante da população local, cerca de 100 mil habitantes, são obrigados à realização inadequada do descarte de lâmpadas devido à má implementação da lei instituída para a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei nº 12.305/2010). (PIBIC-EM/CNPq).
A hydrological model is one of the tools developed by science to better understand and represent the behavior of the river basin. The IPH2 model aims to use it for projects in urban and rural basins. It is a model that uses few parameters and it is based on known methodologies. The objective of the research was to analyze the hydrological flow behavior in the Poxim Açu River sub-basin through modeling with the IPH2 model, as well as to model the flow of the Poxim River basin with a model that does not require a lot of input data and to calibrate the IPH2 model for the studied basin. After the automatic and manual calibration phases, parameters for hydrological simulation were found. After the simulation, the value found for NSE was 0.73 for the coefficient of determination (RSR) the value generated was 0.74, PBIAS found after calibration was-7.44, the value of the RMSE was 0.95, and the RSR value found was 0.07. According to the results of the present study, it was possible to conclude that the calibration process for the flow behavior of the Poxim-Açu River basin responds positively to what the literature considers satisfactory.
The forest fire prediction indexes are statistical tools used to assess the probability of fire occurrence, based on the weather conditions of the day or a time series. These indexes express whether there are favorable conditions for the occurrence of fire, which allows the adoption of more economic and effective preventive measures as well as the control over the planning of possible fires. The general objective of this research was to analyze if the atmospheric conditions are favorable to the occurrence of fires in Serra do Cabral in the municipality of Simão Dias -SE. According to White (2010), the most effective fire risk index to be applied in the territory of Sergipe is the Angstrom index. This index is based mainly on the temperature and the relative humidity of the air, both measured daily at 1 pm, being a non-cumulative index. Thus, this index was used to carry out the calculations of fire risk of the research. So atmospheric data were collected over a period of 4 years (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) and through this index, the fire occurrence conditions were determined. According to the results, the percentage of days with risk and the most favorable months of the fires were determined.
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