Maritime and marine development targets are very realistic considering the position of Indonesia is geographically located and has a comparative advantage because it AbstrakSasaran pembangunan maritim dan kelautan sangat realistis mengingat posisi Indonesia secara geografis sangat strategis dan memiliki keunggulan komparatif karena sangat dekat dengan pasar dunia. Di sisi lain, Indonesia yang berada di daerah tropis dengan ribuan pulau memiliki kekayaan dan potensi sumberdaya maritim dan kelautan yang sangat besar. Kesadaran akan perlindungan dan pelestarian lingkungan laut mulai tumbuh di kalangan negara-negara peserta konvensi, terutama menyangkut eksploitasi sumber-sumber kekayaan alam yang dilakukan secara besarbesaran di lingkungan laut. Terutama untuk wilayah laut yang masih bersengketa, kegiatan power of sharing merupakan pembagian sumber daya kelautan dengan perjanjian Joint eksploitation maka masalah yang semula potensial sebagai sumber konflik, diubah dan diarahkan menjadi sumber kerjasama. Kerjasama tersebut pada umumnya meliputi eksplorasi, eksploitasi, dan pembagian keuntungan yang diperoleh dari eksploitasi sumber daya alam di kawasan tersebut bagi para pihak.Kata kunci : Power of Sharing, Joint Exploitation, Sumber Daya Laut. A. PendahuluanSecara global laut meliputi dua pertiga dari seluruh permukaan bumi dan menyediakan sekitar 97% dari keseluruhan ruang kehidupan di bumi dan laut telah membentuk dan mendukung keberadaan serta kehidupan umat manusia sejak munculnya mahluk hidup
ABSTRAKKecemasan terhadap cyber crime telah menjadi perhatian dunia, namun tidak semua negara di dunia ini memberikan perhatian yang lebih besar terhadap masalah cyber crime dan memiliki peraturannya kecuali negara-negara maju dan beberapa negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dalam rangka menemukan, mengkaji dan menganalisa upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam perlindungan terhadap data informasi rahasia negara dan meneliti tentang bentuk-bentuk perlawanan pemerintahan Indonesia terhadap cyber war. Menemukan rekonstruksi pembentukan national cyber defense atau cyber army dalam upaya mempertahankan kedaulatan negara. Dalam UU No. 3 Tahun 2002 tentang Pertahanan Negara, telah ditetapkan bahwa ancaman dalam sistem pertahanan negara terdiri dari ancaman militer dan ancaman non militer, termasuk diantaranya ancaman siber. Salah satu efek samping negatif dari perkembangan dunia siber melalui internet antara lain adalah kejahatan dalam bentuk pelanggaran hukum atau cyber crime, di mana bila eskalasinya lebih meluas dapat mengancam kedaulatan negara, keutuhan wilayah maupun keselamatan bangsa. Sebagai upaya penanggulangan terhadap serangan-serangan di dunia maya ini, diperlukanlah sebuah lembaga yang bertugas menjadi benteng pertahanan dunia siber atau cyber defense. Kata Kunci: pembentukan, cyber defense, kedaulatan negara. ABSTRACTAnxiety against cybercrime has become the world's attention, but not all countries in the world is giving greater attention to the problem of cybercrime by having the rule and unless the developed countries and some developing countries. The purpose of this research is in order to find, examine and analyze the efforts of the Indonesia Government in the protection of State secrets information and data, also to research the forms of Indonesia Government resistance against cyber war. Find a reconstruction of national cyber defense formation or cyber army in an attempt to defend the sovereignty of the country. In Act No. 3 of 2002 on State Defense, it has been established that the threat in the country's defense system consists of a military threat and non-military threat, which is including cyber threats. One of the negative effects of the cyber world development via the internet among other things is a crime in violation of the law cybercrime, where when the escalation widely spread, it could have threatened the country's sovereignty, territorial integrity or the safety of the nation. In an effort to combat against the attacks in this virtual world, will require an agency that is in charge of being the world's bulwark cyber or cyber defense.
Islam is a religion that is adopted by the majority of Indonesian people and is believed to be a guide to life in order to obtain salvation in the world and in life after death. It makes a significant contribution to the initial process of negotiations to formulate the nation's philosophy of life, namely Pancasila. As a life guideline, the Pancasila nation and state are the main reference to conceptualize the sovereignty meaning which is then derived into International Law owned by Indonesia. This article uses the approach of discourse analysis in the implementation of Islamic values in the ideology of Pancasila. Islam's most important contribution to Pancasila is the 'monotheism' element which is the essence of Islamic teachings. Therefore, the dichotomy of Islam and Pancasila, or Islam and Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) becomes no longer relevant.
Based on the Decree of the People's Consultative Assembly in 1999, the legal status of the territory of Timor Leste is no longer the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. With the establishment of the state of Timor Leste, between Indonesia and Timor Leste, boundaries of land and sea need to be included which cover territorial, ZEE and continental shelf boundaries, especially in the southern waters and north of the island of Timor, including the Oecusse enclave area. The negotiators of the two countries have not succeeded in agreeing on several Oecusse borderlines with the Indonesian territory. Various methods have been pursued including involving indigenous peoples. At present, the Oecusse enclave is designated as a special economic zone by Timor Leste with the aim of optimizing the area as a border area and having adequate economic activities so as to improve the quality of the local community. As an alternative effort in resolving regional boundary agreements, the application of the principle of Uti Possidetis Juris, which is a principle of territorial claims based on the Uti possidetis doctrine, means that a newly independent state inherits administrative boundaries formed by the previous authorities, so that the historical and conceptual approaches in the stipulation are established. It is recommended to avoid different interpretations between the two countries, and regional boundaries can be resolved immediately.
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