Background: Atherosclerosis refers to combination of changes in the intima of arteries, consisting of focal accumulation of lipids, complex carbohydrates, blood and blood products, fibrous tissue, calcium deposits and associated medical changes. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) refers to a group of closely related syndromes that is caused by an imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and blood supply.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 patients, aged 30-65 years, with known coronary artery disease. Estimation of serum and salivary cortisol levels were assessed with specific ELISA kit for cortisol (R&D Systems) and their comparison was performed in patients with and without periodontitis. Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson Correlation test.Results: The clinical parameters showed statistically significant association (p<0.001) between coronary artery disease and periodontitis and comparative levels of serum and salivary cortisol displayed varying degrees of positive correlation.Conclusions:Saliva along with serum has great potential as a diagnostic fluid and it showed good correlation with cortisol levels in coronary artery disease patients with and without periodontitis.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-perception of oral malodour and oral hygiene habits among dental students in Ernakulam district of Kerala. Materials and Methods: A structured and validated questionnaire comprising of ten questions was distributed to 787 students of five dental colleges in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. The questionnaire evaluated the self-perception of halitosis, the oral hygiene practices among them and the presence of gingival bleeding, dental caries and dryness of mouth. Results: The dental students here included 678 females and 109 males. Self-perceived halitosis was reported by 46(42.2%) male students and 221(32.6%) female students showing a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between both genders in reporting self-perceived halitosis. Conclusion: The results reveal a higher prevalence of self-perceived halitosis among males compared to females in this sample. The knowledge about halitosis and related factors was also greater among this sample of dental students. Clinical significance: The findings of our study highlight the fact that the regular removal of tongue coating and use of interdental aids along with regular oral hygiene measures can significantly reduce halitosis in an otherwise healthy individual.
Poor oral hygiene practices and inadequate attention to oral health during pregnancy leads to gingiva and periodontal problems, and have adverse effect in the featus development and have postnatal effects. Available literature suggests that the research is deficit in assessing knowledge and practices related to oral hygine measures and needs and safe period for dental treatment during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This study was cross sectional survey. A total of 100 pregnant women were selected by convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire containing 10 questions in English was explained and thus procured data was filled by the dental professional for obtaining baseline information.Result: Most pregnant women need more information about oral health and ways for prevention of occurrence of gingival and periodontal diseases. Present study subjects had reported more bleeding gums compared with other study populations.
Conclusion:The overall results suggests that the knowledge and practice of oral health care need to be improved irrespective of literacy rate.
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