The long-term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and controversial with few authors advocating routine removal of the miniplates after 3-6 months of placement, while others recommend retention of the miniplates unless their removal is clinically indicated. The aim was to study the incidence, indications, time gap, role of metallic composition and site of removal of miniplates in operated cases of maxillofacial region over a one-year period. Patients undergoing removal of miniplates over a one-year period were studied and evaluated regarding the number of miniplates removed, time gap present between fixation and removal of miniplates, indications for removal, metallic composition of miniplates removed, sites of removal and complications. Correlations between indications for miniplate removal based upon time gap, metallic composition, age of patients undergoing plate removal and number of miniplates present were determined using Chi-square test. Correlation between metallic composition of miniplate and time gap was also determined using Chi-square test. The miniplates were removed in 31 patients (26 males and 5 females). Most common indication for removal was infection (45%). Forty-five percent of the patients underwent miniplate removal within 1 year of placement. The correlation between indications for miniplate removal and time gap was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.04). Most of the hardware removal is performed subsequent to complications associated with hardware and local factors. There is no significant association between the composition of the hardware and pate removal. However there is a significant association between the time gap and indication for plate.Miniplate removal should be performed when hardware is causing various complications and physical symptoms. Infection, miniplate exposure, pain, palpability or any other morbidity that appears after bony union should be treated by miniplate removal
Aim:
This study compared the analgesic efficacy of intra socket application of tramadol versus ketamine for preventing pain after mandibular third molar surgery.
Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients who had undergone third molar surgery were randomly divided into three groups: Group T (tramadol 1 mg/kg), Group K (ketamine 0.5 mg/kg), and Group C (saline 2 mL). The treatment was applied to the extraction sockets using resorbable gel foam. Average time taken for the procedure was recorded. Pain was evaluated postoperatively using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 6 and 24 h postoperatively. Furthermore, the number of analgesics taken in the 1
st
24 h was recorded. The relevant information was gathered and tabulated. IBM SPSS 2.0 was used to analyze the results and one-way ANOVA test was used to determine the statistical significance.
Results:
The VAS scores after extraction were statistically higher in Group C than in either treatment group. Group K had the lowest pain intensity. During the 1
st
6 h, patients reported statistically lower pain intensity scores in Groups K and T versus Group C. At 24 h, Group K had the lowest pain intensity and Group T had less pain than Group C. The number of analgesics taken in the 1
st
24 h was highest in Group C.
Conclusion:
This study shows that intra socket use of tramadol and ketamine can be used as effective alternatives for decreasing pain after third molar surgery.
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