Purpose: Few papers have studied the objective effects of PRP on cartilage. In this study, we investigated the effect of PRP on cartilage characteristics by special MRI sequencing in knee osteoarthritis (IRCT registration number: 2014020413442N6). Patients and methods: In this double blind randomized clinical trial, patients with bilateral knees osteoarthritis-grade 1, 2, and 3 were included in the study. Each patient's knees were randomly allocated to either control or treatment groups. PRP was injected in two sessions with 4 week intervals in PRP group. The VAS (visual analog scale) and WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) were utilized and MRI was performed for all patients, before, and 8 months after treatment. The MRI sequences taken were transverse 3D TRUFISP and coronal and sagittal fat saturated proton-density. Imaging was scored according to four cartilage characteristics. Results: 46 knees (from 23 patients) were included in this study. 23 knees in the case group and 23 knees in control group were studied. All patients were female with mean age of 57.57±5.9 years. Mean total WOMAC and VAS changes before and after treatment in control group were 11.61±8.5 and 1.3±1.1 respectively. In PRP group, mean total WOMAC and VAS changes showed better improvement with 20±12.3 and 3.2±1.6 respectively (P-value <0.05). In PRP group, all of the radiologic variables (patellofemoral cartilage volume, synovitis and medial and lateral meniscal disintegrity), with the exception of subarticular bone marrow abnormality, had significant improvement (P-value <0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, patellofemoral cartilage volume and synovitis had significantly changed in the PRP group (P-value <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, in addition to the effect of PRP on VAS and WOMAC, there was a significant effect on radiologic characteristics (patellofemoral cartilage volume and synovitis). For further evaluation, a longer study with a larger sample size is recommended.

BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in females. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the major risk factor of cervical cancer.ObjectivesThe aim of the current study was to explore the frequency and role of 23 different HPVs in patients with cervical cancer.Materials and MethodsOverall, 117 formalin-fix and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from cervical cancer patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or dysplasia were collected from Mirza-Kochakkhan-Jangali hospital, Tehran, Iran during year 2013, to investigate the presence of HPV- HPV- 67, 68, 6, 11, 13, 16, 17, 30, 69, 39, 40, 42, 64, 66 and 51 to 59 genotypes.ResultsThe Pap smear report illustrated the presence of malignancy in 71 cases, while 11 cases had no evidence of malignancy. Among the patients, 26 cases had sexually transmitted disease with relative frequency of 0.58. Infection with papilloma virus was observed in 83.6% of SCC patients and 45% of the dysplasia group. The most prevalent HPV genotypes were 18 with 31.62% and 16 with 27.35% of cases. Moreover the relative frequencies of HPV-33, -6, -58, -52, -35 and -51, genotypes were 15.38, 7.69, 5.98, 5.12 and 3.41%, respectively. Among the different genotypes of HPV, 31 had the lowest and 16 had the highest relative frequency.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that HPV-16 and -18 have a higher prevalence in our population than 31 and 51. Further investigations are required to evaluate the role of these genotypes in a larger multicenter setting for establishing their values for early detection of patients, which is useful for screening and vaccination programs of cancerous and precancerous lesions of cervical cancer.

No abstract

Background:Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are present in circulation and contribute to vasculogenesis in adults. The aim of the present study was to determine the number of circulating EPCs in patients with optic neuritis (ON).Materials and Methods:Fifty patients with ON were diagnosed by expert neurologist and optometrist at the Feiz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran (2012–2013). Blood samples were collected from ON patients in the first attack. The number of EPCs was measured by flow cytometry through the assessment of CD34+ and CD309+ in patients and healthy individuals.Results:With using flow cytometry, CD34+ and CD309+ cells detected in peripheral blood cells of patients (n = 50) with ON, and healthy individuals (n = 30). Patients with ON had (mean = 66.71 ± 17.82) CD34+ and CD309+ cells compared with healthy controls (mean = 28.72 ± 22.46). In addition, there was no significant difference in CD309+ cells in both groups.Conclusion:This study showed elevated CD34+ and CD309+ cells in the early stage of the disease. Regarded to EPC increment in neural repair, it expected the EPC level be increased in these patients, but no detectable differences were observed among both markers in healthy and patient with first attack.

The article abstract is not available.

No abstract

BackgroundSeveral studies have shown the effect of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on knee osteoarthritis. Most of these studies have focused on subjective and clinical symptoms effect of PRP and fewer papers have studied its objective effect on cartilage. MRI is the gold standard imaging for cartilage lesion.ObjectivesIn this study, we investigated the effect of PRP on cartilage characteristics by special MRI sequencing.MethodsIn the double blind randomised clinical trial, patients with grade1, 2 and 3 of osteoarthritis were included in this study. All of the knees divided to groups randomly and exercise was prescribed for all of knees. Beside, PRP was injected 2 courses with 4 weeks interval in PRP group. For all of patients before and 6 months after treatment VAS (visual analogue scale) and WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) were fulfilled and MRI was performed. Sequencings of MRI were PD fat saturated (coronal and sagittal) and transverse TRUFISP 3D. Imaging was scored according to 4 cartilage’s characteristics including, Patellofemoral cartilage volume, Subarticular bone marrow abnormality, Medial and lateral meniscal disintegrity and Synovitis.Results23 knees in case group and 23 knees in control group were studied. All of patients were female with mean age 57.57±5.9 years old and mean BMI 28.49±3.24 (Kg/m2).52% of knees had grade 2 of osteoarthritis. Mean total WOMAC and VAS changes before and after treatment in control group were 11.61±1.3 and 8.5±1.1 respectively. In PRP group, mean total of WOMAC and VAS changes showed better improvement with 20±3.2 and 12.3±1.6 respectively (P-Value<0.05). In PRP group all of the radiologic variables except subarticular bone marrow abnormality had significantly improvement (P-Value<0.05). In comparison between 2 groups, Patellofemoral cartilage volume and synovitis had significantly changes in PRP group (P-Value<0.05).ConclusionsIn this study, in addition to the effect of PRP on VAS and WOMAC, there is effect on radiologic characteristics (Patellofemoral cartilage volume and synovitis) significantly. For more evaluation, Study with more sample size is recommended.References[1] Raeissadat SA, Babaee M, Rayegani SM, Hashemi Z, Hamidieh AA, Mojgani P, et al. An overview of platelet products (PRP, PRGF, PRF, etc.) in the Iranian studies. Future science OA. 2017;3(4):FSO231.[2] Raeissadat SA, Rayegani SM, Ahangar AG, Abadi PH, Mojgani P, Ahangar OG. Efficacy of Intra-articular Injection of a Newly Developed Plasma Rich in Growth Factor (PRGF) Versus Hyaluronic Acid on Pain and Function of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2017;10:1179544117733452.[3] Raeissadat SA, Rayegani SM, Hassanabadi H, Fathi M, Ghorbani E, Babaee M, et al. Knee osteoarthritis injection choices: platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus hyaluronic acid (a one-year randomized clinical trial). Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2015;8:CMAMD....

Introduction: Misoprostol is a widely used prostaglandin to terminate pregnancy in the second trimester. The route of drug administration has a significant effect on the quality of treatment. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare efficacy and adverse effects of vaginal and intrauterine extra-amniotic administration of misoprostol in second-trimester termination. Patients and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 112 women with an intrauterine fetal death between 13– 24 weeks of gestation attended Akbarabadi hospital were enrolled during 2018-2019. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, 200 µg misoprostol was diluted in 10ml of normal saline and administered extra-amniotic every 4 hours. Group B received vaginal tablets (200 µg in each) according to FIGO protocol. The primary outcomes were the time needed to expel gestational products and hemoglobin level changes. Results: In group A, conception product expulsion occurred within an average of 7.52 ± 0.29 hours, significantly faster than group B (12.02 ± 0.42 hours; P<0.05). In group A, the Hemoglobin level decreased after intervention (-1.23 ± 1.20 g/dL), and the changes were more prominent than group B (-0.15 ± 0.51 g/dL; P<0.05). Conclusion: For pregnancy termination, intrauterine extra-amniotic administration of misoprostol is a more effective method than the vaginal route in the second trimester. However, regarding further hemoglobin decrease in this method, its safety is still unclear and needs to be approved by further clinical trials with a larger sample size. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial (identifier: IRCT20190606043830N1; https://en.irct.ir/trial/40184, ethical code: IR.IUMS.FMD.REC1396.941129004).