Abstract:The emergence of internet-based electronic commerce offers considerable opportunities for companies to expand their customer base, enter new product markets, and rationalize their business. The Indonesian government has initiated and implemented a series of plans and activities to promote technology use to increase SMEs' performance. Despite such efforts, technology adoption rate are still low. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting an entrepreneurs' decision on internet adoption, by measuring technology readiness (TR). The purpose of this study is to investigate TR and the extent to which E-commerce is adopted amongst entrepreneurs. This study is replication of Parasuraman's study on the Technology Readiness Index (TRI). Questionnaires were distributed using a convenience sampling method to 190 entrepreneurs of SME in Bandung city. The findings indicate that entrepreneurs are moderate in terms of their TR. There are significant differences in terms of TR across entrepreneurs' backgrounds (gender, age, education, and income). In relation to internet adoption by those surveyed, as their use of media promotion is still low, there were only 36.3 percent who adopted it. The results clearly indicate the need to provide support to SMEs to adopt and use e-commerce. These results have implications not only for managers of SMEs but also for government agencies in developing countries such as Indonesia. The findings have implications for researchers and practitioners by identifying TR drivers (optimism and innovativeness), and barriers (discomfort and insecurity), that contribute to effectively leveraging the Internet in an important area for SMEs.Abstrak: Munculnya perdagangan berbasis internet menawarkan peluang yang cukup besar bagi perusahaan untuk memperluas jumlah pelanggan, memasuki pasar baru, dan merasionalisasikan bisnis mereka. Pemerintah Indonesia telah menerapkan serangkaian rencana dan kegiatan untuk mempromosikan penggunaan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kinerja Unit Kecil Menengah (UKM). Meskipun berbagai upaya pemerintah telah dilakukan, namun tingkat adopsi teknologi masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan seorang entrepreneur dalam mengadopsi internet yaitu dengan mengukur kesiapan teknologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapan teknologi dan sejauh mana tingkat adopsi e-commerce para entrepreneur di UKM. Penelitian ini merupakan replikasi dari penelitian Parasuraman tentang Indeks Kesiapan Teknologi (Technology Readiness Index/TRI). Kuesioner didistribusikan menggunakan metode convenience sampling kepada 190 entrepreneur UKM di kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan teknologi dari entrepreneur masih moderat. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam hal kesiapan teknologi jika dilihat dari latar belakang Astuti and Nasution 70 mereka (jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, dan pendapatan). Sehubungan dengan tingkat adopsi internet untuk media promosi masih rendah, hanya ada 36.3 persen y...

Researchers in service marketing have recently considered customer satisfaction from the viewpoint of what and how they experienced the service encounter resulting in the concept of customer experience management. Whilst several works have been developed in this area, there is still much that can be done to provide a comprehensive guide for marketers in understanding the service encounter from the point of view of customers. Building on the work of Verhoef et al's article in the Journal of Retailing (2009) and other works in the field, we propose a new customer experience framework (CEF) that focuses more centrally on the journey of the customer in experiencing the service. Our framework consists of five interacting layers: (1) Customer values, needs and wants; (2) Experiential Marketing Strategy; (3) Customer Experience Stages; (4) Accumulated Customer Experience (5) Customer Behavior Change. This differs from Verhoef et al's framework, which primarily focuses on looking at designing the optimal consumer experience from the viewpoint of the provider. We propose that the CEF will be useful both as a tool for experience creation and to analyze consumer experiences post-encounter.

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PurposeThis study aims to investigate the mechanism that transforms middle manager capabilities (MMCs) into organisational performance (OP). This study proposes that organisational capacity for change (OCC) might mediate the relationship between MMCs and OP.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed hypotheses were tested using data derived from a survey distributed to 89 heads of department of 34 subjects from the 11 top universities in Indonesia.FindingsThe findings indicate that MMCs positively influence OCC and OP and that OCC positively influences the OP. Furthermore, the authors found that OCC mediates the positive effect of MMCs on OP.Originality/valueThe authors empirically investigated the hypothesis that MMCs, in the context of higher education, play a crucial role in determining OCC and OP. Furthermore, the capacity of organisations to adapt to the changing environment mediates the capabilities of the middle managers in relation to OP. In addition, the authors empirically investigated OCC in three dimensions (learning, process and context) that were previously only proposed and discussed conceptually.

PurposeThis study examined organizational change in universities as it relates to discomfort among the organization's members.Design/methodology/approachUsing the critical incident technique (CIT), data was collected from the informants in an Indonesian public university that had been mandated by the government to enter the top 500 world university ranking. This would make it a “World-Class” university.FindingsThe findings describe the causes, courses and consequences of the discomfort felt in response to the organizational change in the university context. The causes of discomfort were categorized as a fear of loss, organizational culture, systems and policies, work overload and a lack of resources. Discomfort can manifest through negative affective, cognition and behavioral tendencies. Meanwhile, the consequences result in active and passive participation in the process of the organizational change itself.Originality/valueDiscomfort with organizational change is a new variable that has rarely been explored, thus it requires testing and validation using different methods and contexts, as offered by this study. We have also shown that in the initial stage of organizational change (unfreezing), discomfort will always emerge that must be immediately managed in order not to trigger resistance to change. Furthermore, this study exhibits the use of the critical incident technique in the context of organizational change. Finally, we offer comprehensive views by exhibiting the causes, the reactions shown and the consequences of discomfort with the change.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the implicit and explicit attitude toward Islamic bank and how it influences desire to saving at an Islamic bank. Although the Islamic bank system has been experiencing rocket growth worldwide, but the development in Indonesia is still unsatisfying. The penetration is very low compared to the conventional bank system. Consumer attitude is one of the most important variables that need to be understood to develop effective intervention. Although extensive research has been carried out on consumer attitude in the Islamic bank context, no single study adequately elaborates on implicit attitude. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 423 respondents was taken to represent the middle-class employee segment. A set of questionnaires consisting of four sections was administered to respondents. The first section is a paper-based implicit attitude test, which collected data using a face-to-face interview, and the rest was self-reported. Data were analyzed using descriptive, analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Findings – Analysis of the data shows that the implicit attitude toward Islamic banks in Indonesia is relatively lower than the explicit attitude. In addition, Islamic bank usage pattern and religion have a significant relationship with implicit attitude. While implicit attitude is relatively stable, explicit attitude significantly differs according to age and marital status variables. Finally, this study shows that implicit and explicit attitude simultaneously determine desire to saving at an Islamic bank. Originality/value – The paper extends the literature by exploring and highlighting the importance of implicit attitude in the study of Islamic consumer behavior. It also gives deeper understanding to Indonesian middle-class employee saving behavior, which has huge potentials, and helps Islamic bank practitioners to develop a set of strategies to tap the market.