Secretome, also known as conditioned medium, is a secreted molecule from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that has a variety of biological activities that can be used in various therapies, especially on the skin applications. A lack of conventional therapies makes secretome as a promising alternative therapy. The presence of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles including microvesicles and exosomes in secretome has been widely reported, which serves in improving the proliferation and migration of cells to help in skin regeneration. Therefore, we were able to optimize the use of this secretome in a well-needed special review related to its work in addressing various skin problems. So, in this article, we discussed the benefits and biological activity of secretome on the skin application. This review was compiled based on the approval of several sites, such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar with the terms "MSC secretome for skin," "secretome for skin," "secretome dermatology," "secretome conditioned medium for skin," "secretome conditioned medium for skin wound," "secretome conditioned medium for aging," "secretome conditioned medium for hair growth," and "secretome conditioned medium for psoriasis." A total of 215 articles were collected for selection, of which 90 articles were used. Based on the results, it was concluded that secretome has a variety of useful activities to regenerate and repair tissue damage that have not been used on the skin, such as for wound healing, photoprotection, promotion of hair growth, psoriasis treatment, and other application as antimicrobial.

Tabir surya merupakan sediaan kosmetika yang dapat membantu melindungi kulit dari pengaruh buruk sinar matahari. Daun cempedak memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya dan dapat diaplikasikan dalam bentuk lotion. Ekstrak daun cempedak yang diekstraksi dengan n-heksana dan dilanjutkan dengan metanol, diformulasi dalam 3 formula lotion yaitu F1, F2, dan F3. Lotion hasil formulasi dievaluasi berupa pengujian meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, viskositas, dan pengujian aktivitas tabir surya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa lotion yang diperoleh keduanya memiliki konsistensi setengah padat yang homogen, berbau khas oleum rosae, serta berwarna putih (F1), cokelat (F2), cokelat tua (F3). Daya sebar dan pH lotion berada pada rentang yang sesuai dengan standar sedian lotion. Lotion F2 dan F3 yang mengadung ekstrak daun cempedak memiliki aktivitas tabir surya kategori suntan standar pada penilaian %Te dan %Tp dan kategori proteksi maksimal pada penilaian SPF. Pada formula lotion F1 atau basis sediaan, nilai yang diperoleh pada %Te dan %Tp serta SPF tidak berada pada rentang penilaian aktivitas sebagai tabir surya atau formula F1 tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas sebagai tabir surya.

Semisolid preparations are widely used to deliver drugs through the skin, cornea, rectal tissue, nasal mucosa, vagina, buccal tissue, urethral membrane, and outer ear lining. They can prevent the first-pass metabolism, reduce side effects, provide immediate local effects, and increase patient compliance. However, an improper manufacturing process will produce a system with bad characteristics, one of which is the mixing process. Several conditions that need to be considered, such as vacuum, temperature, humidity, pressure, stirring speed, stirring time, shear stress, the volume of the mixture, and type of impeller, can affect the consistency, size, and dispersion of particle size, homogeneity, porosity, reactivity, and other characteristics that affect the quality of the semisolid system. Therefore, this article discusses the critical aspects of semisolid mixing, the types, principles, and specifications of several mixer tools and impellers, and how they affect the characteristics of semisolid systems. This review concludes that each type of semisolid preparation requires an impeller and mixer with the specifications and mixing conditions that suit the needs in maintaining the stability and quality of the semisolid system.