Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer in white skinned individuals with a rising incidence observed worldwide. The underlying etiopathogenesis is complex and involves an interplay between ultraviolet radiation, phenotype, and genotype. This review discusses the incidence and the phenotypical and environmental risk factors associated with basal cell carcinoma.
Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disorder characterized by the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies against adhesion proteins on epidermal keratinocytes called desmogleins (DSG1 and DSG 3). It has a chronic relapsing and remitting course and in severe cases can be life threatening. Those patients who fail to respond to traditional treatments are considered to have refractory pemphigus. This review focuses on various therapies that are currently in practice as well as in pre-clinical or clinical trials for steroid-resistant pemphigus vulgaris.
Paul Gerson Unna, one of the leading dermatologists of Central Europe, was way ahead of his time. The originality of this meticulous researcher always reflected in his works on anatomy and histology of the skin. Field of dermatology was made very attractive and appealing to many at that time by his first book on histopathology. His revolutionary Unna boot was only a minor invention when compared to his extensive contribution to the educational research and therapeutic dermatology.
Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has shown the potential to affect the life of people all over the world either directly or indirectly. Aim: To assess the impact of lockdown measures on treatment of leprosy among patients who received treatment from a tertiary referral centre. Settings and Design: A retrospective study was conducted at the dermatology department of a tertiary referral centre. Materials and Methods: We did a retrospective analysis of case records of patients with leprosy who received treatment from our tertiary referral centre from 01 March 2020 to 31 May 2021. Results: During the 15-month period, 59 patients received multi-drug therapy (MDT) for leprosy from our centre. Thirty-two patients (54.2%) were already receiving MDT as on March 2020, and 27 others (45.8%) were diagnosed with leprosy and started on MDT during the period from March 2020 to May 2021. Two patients (3.4%) developed COVID-19 while on MDT. When lockdown measures were implemented, 12 patients (12/59, 20.3%) discontinued treatment, citing conveyance difficulties. Three patients (3/59, 5.1%) were lost to follow-up. Limitations: Small sample size and reliance on retrospective data from a single centre were the major limitations of the study. Conclusion: A conscious effort is needed from healthcare professionals and the government to ensure that implementation of national programmes is not adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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