Background: It's necessary to analyze the role of VEGF, apelin, and HO-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to evaluate its relevance to diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: T2DM patients who were treated in our hospital from December 1, 2018 to November 30, 2019 were included. T2DM patients were divided into non-DR (NDR) group, non-proliferative DR (NPDR) group, and proliferative DR (PDR) group. and healthy participants were selected as the control group. The value of VEGF, apelin, and HO1 in predicting PDR were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the relations of VEGF, apelin, HO-1 and clinical factors in PDR patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: A total of 295 participants were included. The level of FPG and HbAlc in PDR group were significantly higher than that of other groups (all p < 0.05); the level of VEGF and apelin in PDR group were significantly higher than that of other groups (all p < 0.05), but the level of HO-1 in PDR group were significantly less than that of other groups(p = 0.017); the AUC of VEGF, apelin, HO-1 and combined use was 0.806(95%CI: 0.779-0.861), 0.819(95%CI: 0.765-0.878), 0.808(95%CI: 0.733-0.869) and 0.902(95%CI: 0.822-0.958) respectively, the AUC, sensitivity, specificity of the three combined use was significantly higher than that of single VEGF, apelin, HO-1 use(all p < 0.05). The cutoff values of serum VEGF, apelin, and HO-1 levels for predicting PDR were 163.85 pg/ml, 8.27 ng/ml, and 26.06 mmol/L respectively. Serum VEGF, apelin, and HO-1 in patients with PDR was related to the time course of DM, FPG and HbAlc (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: VEGF, apelin and HO-1 are related to the progress of DR, and the combined use of VEGF, apelin and HO-1 is beneficial to the diagnosis and treatment of PDR.
The purpose of this study was to explore the regulation of A-FABP-PTEN/AKT on insulin resistance in preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cell. Methods: siRNA interference method was used to knock-down the A-FABP expression in 3T3-L1 cells. The cell proliferation was detected by oil-O staining and MTT. The protein and mRNA expression levels of A-FABP, PTEN and AKT were detected by Western blot and qPCR. Results: Inhibition of A-FABP expression increased cell proliferation activity of the 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, siRNA3 significantly reduced A-FABP mRNA expression compared with siRNA1 and siRNA2 (P<0.05). The A-FABP mRNA level was significantly increased in the induced 3T3-L1 cells, while the PTEN mRNA expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Inhibition of A-FABP can significantly increase the PTEN mRNA expression in the process of induced 3T3-L1 cells (P<0.05). Overexpression of A-FABP can also increase the PTEN mRNA expression in the process of 3T3-L1 cell proliferation (P<0.05). Furthermore, the protein expression levels of PTEN and p-AKT expression were not changed in the process of 3T3-L1 cell proliferation with or without A-FABP interference (P>0.05). However, inhibition of A-FABP significantly increased the PTEN protein expression and reduced the p-AKT protein expression in the induced 3T3-L1 cells. Conclusion:Our finding suggested that A-FABP can directly inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT and increase the PTEN expression in the process of normal adipocyte differentiation, which speculated that A-FABP played a crucial role by adjusting the AKT activity in the process of adipocyte differentiation.
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