The number of blindness is tend to be increased year by year. One of the blindness cause is cornea ulcer.The cause of cornea ulcer is bacteria, fungi, and herpes simplex virus. Cornea transplantation is the only treatment which could widely accepted for blindness. Transplant by donor network becomes the only treatment that is acceptable on a large for blindness. However, treatment donor transplants have many shortcomings in complications post surgery such as host response, donor limitations, incompatibility and the length of time healing. As technology develops, there are many corneal substitutes based on natural ingredients derived from collagen or their derivatives because they promise better properties in biocompatibility. The aim of research are to conduct the synthesis and characterization of collagen- chitosan- glycerol - HPMC as artificial cornea such functional cluster test, cytotoxycity test, morphological test and antibacterial test. Based on functional cluster test, there are functional groups of all components of composite materials. While from cytotoxicity test, all samples have a percentage of living cells above 85%. The morphology test is showed that the pore size of sample B with composition collagen-chitosan-glycerol-HPMC is in accordance with the standard pore size for keratoprothesis. Sample A (collagen-chitosan-glycerol) and sample B (collagen-chitosan-glycerol-HPMC) have strong antibacterial properties.Biocomposite of collagen-chitosan-glycerol could be considered as artificial cornea due to the proximity with the corneal characteristics.
Background: Corneal wound healing involves several biological processes, various cytokines and growth factors are released in reaction to tissue damage, including Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Transforming Growth Factor (TGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ( VEGF). VEGF is proinflammatory cytokines that increase microvascular permeability and plays an essential role in forming new blood vessels in the wound healing process. New blood vessels formed during the healing process can turn into pathological blood vessels, causing metabolic disorders in the cornea, resulting in corneal clouding and blindness. Keratoplasty is the primary therapeutic modality to replace pathological corneal tissue. Due to the limited availability of donors, many alternative therapies have been developed to restore corneal regeneration, one of which is using biomaterials in prosthetic devices with composite materials. Collagen-chitosan-natrium hyaluronate composite is a natural biopolymer considered to have good biocompatibility, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties. Besides being easy to get and produce, the composite is safe and improves corneal tissue regeneration.Methods: Twenty adults New Zealand male white rabbits (30 eyes) were divided into three groups. The first group is the negative control group, without any treatment. The positive control group was the rabbits who had injuries to the stromal layer of the cornea, and the third group was the implant group, which were rabbits who received collagenchitosan-natrium hyaluronate composite implants after their corneal stromal was injured. On day 14, rabbits were enucleated, and the corneal tissue was examined for immunohistochemistry using anti-VEGF antibodies.Results: The study results showed a significant difference in the percentage of VEGF expression in the positive control group with the implant group was significantly different (p = 0.000, α> 0.05). High VEGF protein expression did not exceed the positive control group indicating that the wound healing process is ongoing. Conclusion:There was a significant difference in the level of VEGF protein expression between negative control group, positive control group, and implant group. The VEGF level in the implant group was lower than in the positive control group.
We present a rare case report, Waardenberg syndrome type I, and ocular abnormalities related to the disease. A Boy, 11 months, presented with blue and hole in inferior iris. Patien also controlled to pediatric and ENT departement according his global developmental delayed, and unresponsiveness to sound stimulus since birth. Patient presented with distophia cantrorum, bilateral iris coloboma, brilliant blue iris, and retinal coloboma. Others systemic condition were skin hypopigmentation, bilateral sensorineural hearing lost, and global developmental delay equal to 6 months old baby. According to manifestations, this supporting diagnosis for Waardenberg syndrome type I. The management consists in treating the symptoms accordingly. Careful follow up and work up is important to improve patient quality of life
Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity is a potentially blinding disease of the eye due to abnormal retinal vascularization. Gestational age, preterm birth, oxygen therapy, and RBC transfusion are some of the factors associated with ROP. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relation between gestational age, birth weight, duration of oxygen therapy, and RBC transfusion with ROP. Methods: This research is a case-control study using medical records data from Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in the period of January -June 2019. Data is analyzed using logistic regression analysis in SPSS v. 25. Results: The case group consists of 22 patients with ROP while the control group consists of 66 patients without ROP. Gestational age (p=0.030; OR=3.10, 95% CI 1.113-8.606) and duration of oxygen therapy (p=0.012; OR=3.75, 95% CI 1.342-10.481) shows a statistically significant relation with ROP. There is no relation between birth weight (p=0.098; OR= 2.30, 95% CI 0.857-6.171) and RBC transfusion (p=0.881; OR=1.09; 95% CI 0.343-3.480) with ROP. Conclusions: There is a relation between gestational age and duration of oxygen therapy with ROP. Meanwhile, birth weight and RBC transfusion have no relation with ROP.
Corneal transplantation is a solution in treating visual disturbances due to corneal opacities, but this procedure is said to be limited. Various efforts have been made in the development of alternative therapies, one of which is by using composite biomaterials. For this reason, this study aimed to analyze the effect of the collagen-chitosan-sodium hyaluronate composite on the inflammatory reaction (flare) in the corneal stromal injury of New Zealand rabbits. The method used was thirty adult male New Zealand rabbits which were divided into three groups. The first group (negative control) was not treated, the second group (positive control) was subjected to intrastromal injuries by making a stromal pocket with the help of a crescent knife, and the third group had a collagen-chitosan-sodium hyaluronate biomaterial implanted in the stromal pocket. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in inflammatory reactions (flares) in the collagen-chitosan-sodium hyaluronate composite implantation group with the control and positive control groups (p = 0.001, >0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that the inflammatory reaction (flare) in the implanted group was higher than the control group, this could occur due to the short observation period so that the biomaterial was not completely absorbed.
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