The present paper aims to determine numerically in the Abaqus® software the parameters that have the greatest influence on the effective width of steel-concrete composite box girder bridges. In the technical standards and in the literature, there is no specific recommendation for calculating the effective width in steel-concrete composite box girder bridge. As an alternative, the existing recommendations for steel-concrete composite I-girders are adopted. Therefore, in the absence of standards recommendations for steel-concrete composite box girder bridges, there is a need for an investigation into the distribution of stresses at the steel-concrete interface, because if the effective width was admitted incorrectly, may result in costly or even unsafe solutions. For this purpose, the effective numerical width of 160 models of steel-concrete composite box girder bridges was determined, in which the study variables were the configuration of the transversal section, the slab height, the span length and the elements arrangement in the cross section. After analyzing the results, it was proposed a recommendation to determine effective width of steel-concrete composite box girder bridges.
No concreto protendido, em razão da aplicação da força de protensão, a região das ancoragens é submetida à elevadas tensões. Ao longo de um trecho, denominado comprimento de regularização, a distribuição dessas tensões não é uniforme, estando a tensão de compressão, atuante na direção longitudinal do elemento estrutural, acompanhada de tensões nas direções transversais. Para resistir aos esforços transversais de tração, faz-se necessário a adoção de armaduras complementares, denominadas armaduras de fretagem, comumente utilizadas na forma de espirais, estribos secundários ou a combinação de ambos. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o comportamento e a distribuição de tensões ao longo do comprimento de regularização de elementos protendidos, avaliando numericamente no software Abaqus® a influência e importância de armaduras de fretagem em tais elementos. Para tanto, foram simulados dois modelos numéricos, VE e VEF, com mesma quantidade de armadura longitudinal e transversal, diferenciando somente pelo fato de o modelo VEF possuir 3 estribos adicionais de fretagem em cada uma das extremidades da viga. No modelo VE o valor da tensão na armadura atingiu a tensão de escoamento do aço, situação indesejável em condições de serviço, enquanto no modelo VEF a tensão foi aproximadamente 20% menor, evidenciando, portanto, a importância de armaduras de fretagem em atendimento à segurança de vigas pós-tracionadas sem aderência.
This paper aims to present the design procedures and the guidelines for construction aspects of steel-concrete composite box girder bridges with external prestressing. The association between steel and concrete has been an efficient solution for the formation of composite structural elements, generating important advantages, such as dispensing formwork and shoring; reduction of own weight and volume of the structure; increased dimensional accuracy; reduction in consumption of structural steel and less need for protection against fire and corrosion in metal profiles. In turn, prestressed concrete is characterized by the introduction in the structure of stresses opposite to the loads resulting from its use, resulting in an improvement in strength and in its mechanical behavior. In this context, the steel-concrete composite structures with external prestressing are a great solution to overcome large spans, meet architectural limitations and to reinforce/recover existing metallic or composite structures. In view of this, and justified by the growing demand for construction techniques and the need to improve the country’s infrastructure, research into new technologies with the intention of using them is of great value.
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