Introduction Impaired chronic wound healing is a great challenge for modern medicine. This process causes ulceration especially in the course of diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus. Aim This study assesses the concentration of selected matrix metalloproteinases in the example of metalloproteinase 2, 3, 9, 13 in patients with impaired healing of chronic wounds as a complication of type 2 diabetes. Material and methods Nineteen people took part in the assessment of wound healing in patients with type 2 diabetes. The control group consisted of 21 healthy people. In the blood serum the concentration of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-13 was determined. Results The concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-3 in the group of patients with ulcers were significantly higher (61% and 84% accordingly) compared to those in the control group without chronic wounds. No statistically significant differences in MMP-9 and MMP-13 concentrations were observed between the study and control groups. Conclusions The increase in MMP-2 concentration, which is particularly active in the degradation of type IV collagen, which is the main component of the basal membranes, in patients with type 2 diabetes may impede and delay the healing of chronic wounds and thus contribute to the intensification of vascular complications. In turn, the increase in MMP-3 concentration, which plays a significant role in vascular diseases, in patients with type 2 diabetes may lead to intensification of atherosclerotic changes involving the arteries of the lower extremities and ulceration.
Introduction: Difficult healing of chronic wounds is a serious problem for modern medicine. It leads to ulceration, especially in conditions such as diabetic foot syndrome or chronic venous insufficiency. This may be a result of chemical, physical, thermal or biological factors, among others. Analysis of mediators and molecular factors released by the abovementioned structure helps to better understand the mechanism of healing of chronic wounds and the formation of ulcers. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess excretion of selected cytokines in patients with ulcerations as a complication of diabetes mellitus type 2. Material and methods: 17 patients aged 68-87 took part in the assessment of wound healing in patients with ulceration in the course of diabetes mellitus type 2. The control group consisted of 21 healthy patients aged 32-62. In the blood serum bFGF, TNF-α, IL-4, TGF-b1, TGF-b2 and TGF-b3 were determined. Results: A significant difference was found in bFGF, IL-4, TGF-b1, TGF-b2, and TGF-b3 levels. Concentration of bFGF was 12% lower in patients with ulcers than in the non-ulcerated control group (p = 0.013). IL-4 concentration was 46% lower in patients with ulcers than in the non-ulcerated control group (p = 0.002). TGF-b1, TGF-b2 and TGF-b3 concentrations were also lower in the group of patients with ulcers compared to those in the non-ulcerated control group. Conclusions: Reduced concentrations of selected cytokines and growth factors may indicate abnormal activity of the cells that secrete them and affect the healing process of chronic wounds, hindering and delaying the healing process.
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