During the latest years, smart city projects have been more and more popular and widespread all over the world. The continuous increasing of city"s population and the complexity of city management drive local governments towards the strong use of technologies to support a higher quality of urban spaces and a better offering of public services. The fascination of smart cities, able to link high technology, green environment and well-being for citizens, interests all the municipalities, independently on their dimensions, geographical area or culture. However, the concept of smart city is far from to be unambiguous. Several experiences all over the world show that cities define themselves as smart, but the meaning attributed to this word is different each time. Smart city concept has been growing from empirical experience, therefore a systemic theoretical study about this phenomenon still lacks. In this paper, the author aims to propose a comprehensive and verified definition of smart city, based on both a deep literature investigation about smart city studies and a large survey of smart city projects in the international panorama. The goal of this work is not only to provide a clear framework about this interesting and current topic, but also to support local governments and public administrations in effective smart city implementation, able to create public value and well being for citizens and environmental sustainability in the urban space.

Smart City is a recent topic, but it is spreading very fast, as it is perceived like a winning strategy to cope with some severe urban problems such as traffic, pollution, energy consumption, waste treatment. Smart City ideas are the merge of some other more ancient urban policies such as digital city, green city, knowledge city. A Smart City is therefore a complex, long-term vision of a better urban area, aiming at reducing its environmental footprint and at creating better quality of life for citizens. Mobility is one of the most difficult topic to face in metropolitan large areas. It involves both environmental and economic aspects, and needs both high technologies and virtuous people behaviours. Smart Mobility is largely permeated by ICT, used in both backward and forward applications, to support the optimization of traffic fluxes, but also to collect citizens’ opinions about liveability in cities or quality of local public transport services. The aim of this paper is to analyse the Smart Mobility initiatives like part of a larger Smart City initiative portfolio, and to investigate about the role of ICT in supporting smart mobility actions, influencing their impact on the citizens’ quality of life and on the public value created for the city as a whole

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore whether and how the intellectual capital (IC)\ud approach and concepts could be fruitfully adapted to study the smart city phenomenon from a\ud managerial point of view.\ud Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on a long-term, in-depth ethnographic\ud exploration of the vast global community, which is created around the smart city movement.\ud Findings – The analysis suggests that, in order to effectively analyse a smart city context through\ud the IC lens, the traditional IC framework needs to be extended for: expected outcomes, which should\ud also include sustainability, resilience and quality of life; categories of key resources, which should also\ud include institutional capital and environmental capital; units of analysis, which should also include\ud territorial systems, such as transportation or waste; and key managerial challenges implied. As a final\ud result, a smart city intellectual capital (SC-IC) framework is proposed.\ud Research limitations/implications – Most of the cases analysed in this study are European;\ud further studies are advisable to better investigate non-European smart city contexts.\ud Practical implications – The paper suggests that the knowledge management, project portfolio\ud management and network management approaches are crucial to better support managerial practices\ud in smart city organizations.\ud Originality/value – The SC-IC framework allows for a clear definition of the smart city organization,\ud as a new knowledge-based, project-oriented, network-shaped type of organization. Therefore, the SC-IC\ud framework provides smart city research with a consistent rooting in management studies. Further, this\ud paper contributes to the fourth stage of IC research

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During the latest five years, the label smart city has been spreading all over the world, impacting on urban strategies in both large and small towns. To face the increasing problems of urban areas, local public government, companies, notfor-profit organizations and the citizens themselves embraced the idea of a smarter city, using more technologies, creating better life conditions and safeguarding the environment. However, today the smart city panorama appears very confused. No acknowledged smart city definition exists till now and several cities defining themselves smart completely lack of a strategic vision about their smart future. This first chapter is the introduction of this book collecting several contributes from different academic studies all over Europe. The aim of this work is to offer a large vision about the smart city phenomenon and to compare researches and considerations regarding how to define a smart city, how to design a smart strategy and how to measure if smart actions really are able to create public value for citizens and a better quality of life in urban spaces. This chapter introduces the most important themes regarding the smart city and further deepened in the ten chapters of the book.

Food waste is a key issue in the circular economy. A circular ecosystem results from the contributions of various stakeholders; however, the claims and value propositions of these stakeholders can differ, hampering long-term sustainability of the ecosystem. This study analyses the case of RiCibo, a circular ecosystem based in Genoa, Italy. RiCibo collects surplus food and redistributes it to the needy in the local community. The study examines the conditions that facilitated RiCibo's evolution from a simple project to a circular self-sufficient ecosystem characterised by a co-designed circular business model with a broad range of stakeholders. The results show that sharing people, infrastructure and knowledge, together with mutual trust among stakeholders, are the preconditions of a circular ecosystem. Long-term continuity depends on additional tools that enhance financial self-sufficiency, namely, participative governance, a co-designed circular business model, accountability, frequent engagement, local actions and the development of advocacy power.

Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual and exploratory paper is to explore and discuss possible solutions\ud to integrate the concepts of Smart City (SC) and Intellectual Capital Management (ICM), especially referring\ud to Structural Capital. Based on this we propose a theoretical framework that highlights the relevance of\ud Structural Capital for strategic and operational planning of smarter cities.\ud Design/methodology/approach – Using a neuropsychologic analogy, we assume that the development of\ud smart cities corresponds to the development of a sensorial or even a nervous system for cities based on their\ud Structural Capital, and the development of City Intellectual Capital (CIC) corresponds to a further phase of\ud the cities’ mind development. We propose a practical framework that combines the concepts of city nervous\ud system and city mind. It can be used as an instrument for project management. In this model, sensorial data -\ud associated with the implementation of cities’ sensorial systems - should naturally contribute with open data\ud to the development of higher abstract functions that in turn supports the creation of CIC.\ud Findings –This paper highlights the interrelations between IC (especially its structural component) and SC\ud and their synergic capability of improving both a smart city’s competitiveness and sustainability, and by this\ud illustrates the benefits of combining both concepts in a common theoretical framework.\ud Research limitations/implications – Given the paper’s theoretical nature, the empirical validation of the\ud proposed framework is missing. This limitation will be addressed in forthcoming empirical research.\ud Originality and implications – By proposing a framework that combines the concepts of SC and IC, the\ud paper contributes to theory development regarding the strategic management of cities and the application of\ud IC

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