Coraz więcej dowodów wskazuje, że neurotropowy czynnik pochodzenia mózgowego BDNF (ang. brain derived neurotrophic factor) to najbardziej rozpowszechniona neurotrofina w układzie nerwowym, która odgrywa ważną rolę jako wskaźnik skutecznie realizowanej rehabilitacji wobec osób z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii. Obecnie, w oparciu o nowoczesną diagnostykę laboratoryjną i aparaturową możliwe jest diagnozowanie deficytów, które wpływają na poziom funkcjonowania chorych, a na ich podstawie ustalanie indywidualnego programu readaptacyjnego, uwzględniającego różne formy terapii, w różnych środowiskach. W oparciu o przegląd dostępnego piśmiennictwa w pracy zaprezentowano dotychczasowe wyniki badań analizujących związek pomiędzy wybranymi oddziaływaniami rehabilitacyjnymi stosowanymi u pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii, a zmianami stężenia BDNF - związku pomiędzy poziomem BDNF z aktywnością fizyczną oraz z terapią EEG Biofeedback. Badania dotyczące zastosowania prezentowanej metody wydają się wskazywać na użyteczność czynnika BDNF w ocenie skuteczności realizowanych oddziaływań rehabilitacyjnych w tej grupie chorych. Zmiany w stężeniu czynnika neurotropowego mogą być wskaźnikiem synergizmu ośrodkowego i obwodowego układu nerwowego, a wysokie stężenia BDNF uwarunkowane aktywnością fizyczną oraz neuromodulacyjnym efektem terapii EEG Biofeedback mogą wskazywać na ich skuteczność. Wykorzystanie różnych metod neurorehabilitacyjnych może poprawić funkcjonowanie społeczne osób chorych na schizofrenię. Traktowanie BDNF jako biologicznego wskaźnika tych procesów może być interesującą hipotezą.
The aim of this pilot study was to analyse the influence of Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) Biofeedback training in a group of 18 men with schizophrenia at the remission stage. The results were verified according to: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Self-efficacy Scale (GSES), Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) scales, Colour Trial Test (CTT-1, CTT-2), d2 psychological tests, Quantitative Electroencephalogram (QEEG) Biofeedback, auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The results were compared in the same patients after 3 months. Statistically significant changes were noted in results for the variables on the PANSS scale. For the BDNF variable, a statistically significant increase occurred, indicating that GSR Biofeedback training may influence serum levels of the neurotrophic factor. Statistically significant changes were noted in results for the variables on the BCIS, AIS, and GSES indicating an improvement in the cognitive and social functioning. Changes were noted for results for theta/beta and theta/Sensory Motor Rhythm (SMR) ratios, which indicate an improvement in concentration and attention. Changes were noted for the N1 wave amplitude in the frontal brain region (F-z), and for the P2 wave latency in the central brain region (C-z), which indicates an improvement in the initial perceptual analysis. The use of GSR Biofeedback in a group of patients with schizophrenia gives interesting results, but requires further in-depth research.
The experiment was aimed to compare the effects of different forms of rehabilitation applied in patients with schizophrenia. Verification of the obtained results was based on the analysis of the level of cognitive and social functioning of the subjects. For this purpose, the following clinical tools were used: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS), Color Trial Test (CTT-1, CTT-2), d2 psychological tests, Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Self-efficacy Scale (GSES), Quantitative Electroencephalogram Biofeedback (QEEG-BF), auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The subjects were mentally stable male schizophrenia patients who had been in remission. They were divided into two groups which received different types of rehabilitation for three months. Group 1 patients followed a standard rehabilitation and Group 2 patients received GSR Biofeedback (galvanic skin response Biofeedback, GSR-BF) training. Pretherapy and posttherapy measurements were made for each group. Experimental rehabilitation based on GSR-BF training resulted in regulatory control of neurophysiological mechanisms, and the parameters obtained demonstrated improvement in the subjects’ cognitive and social function. The following therapy outcomes were observed: (1) reduce psychopathological symptoms (2) improving cognitive (concentration, attention) and social functions (3) increase in the neurotrophic factor BDNF. GSR-BF can be used as an alternative to conventional rehabilitation in schizophrenia patients.
Galvanic skin response (GSR) Biofeedback uses training to reduce tension and anxiety and improve concentration and self-regulation. The study was aimed to evaluate this method as a form of rehabilitation and quantify the outcomes achieved by patients undergoing training using this technique. Six schizophrenic patients were enrolled in the study and underwent training based on the relaxation training module (CENTER), concentration training module (BALANCE), and self-regulation training module (INSECTS). Training sessions were held twice a week for 6 weeks. From the total group of subjects involved in the study, two patients had a statistically significant increase in measured values after the CENTER exercise, indicating that relaxation was achieved. Four patients showed a statistically significant decrease in measured values after the BALANCE exercise, which was reflective of an improvement in concentration. Three patients had a statistically significant decrease in measured values after the INSECTS exercise, which indicated an improvement in self-regulation. GSR Biofeedback may be used to complement the pharmacological treatment of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused chaos in many countries. The reason of that were mostly lack of knowledge concerning the disease, fear of infection, difficulties in defining its consequences. A reasonable action in fighting the epidemic turned out to be social isolation and suspension of all state institutions. While at the beginning of introduction of those actions the society accepted the restrictions with understanding, the prolonging state of isolation caused in some people increased anxiety, fear and concerns about the future. Reduction of a negative effect of pandemic can be a problem for a long time, especially when we will not be able to adequately interpret a danger, comprehend it and appropriately react.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.