The healing activity of hydroalcoholic extracts at 2.5 % of leaves, wood and stem bark of Ximenia americana L. was experimentally investigated in surgically induced skin wounds in mice. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The wound regression percentage was higher in the groups treated with the plant at 14 (80 %) and 21 days (100 %) when compared to the negative control group, and there was a significant reduction (p <0.05) in mononuclear cells number. The fibroplasia process was more evident in the group treated with the stem bark evidenced by the significant increase of fibroblasts, reaching more than 150 % in 21 days period. Hydroalcoholic extracts of X. americana were favorable to the healing process through wound regression, inflammatory cells reduction and increase of fibroblasts number. A atividade cicatrizante dos extratos hidroalcoólicos a 2,5 % das folhas, cascas e madeira do caule de Ximenia americana L. foi investigada experimentalmente em feridas cutâneas cirurgicamente induzidas em camundongos. O estudo fitoquímico revelou a presença de taninos, flavonoides, saponinas e esteroides. O percentual de regressão da ferida foi maior nos grupos tratados com a planta aos 14 (80 %) e 21 dias (100 %) quando comparados ao grupo controle negativo, havendo também redução significativa (p<0,05) do número de células mononucleares. O processo de fibroplasia foi mais evidente no grupo tratado com a casca do caule evidenciado pelo aumento significativo de fibroblastos, chegando a mais de 150 % no período de 21 dias. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos da X. americana mostraram-se favoráveis ao processo de cicatrização através da regressão da ferida, redução de células inflamatórias e aumento do número de fibroblastos.
Many studies have investigated the use of synthetic biomaterials or the use of PBMT to improve the bone repair process. However, there is little evidence on the use of these associated techniques. In view of the above, the present study aimed to carry out a systematic review on the effects of the association of photobiomodulation by low-intensity laser and/or diode-emitting light to biomaterials on bone repair. The present study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, as well as using the terms pre-established by the Cochrane Library Collaboration. Electronic searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE and Science Direct. The search terms used were "bone repair"; "low-level laser therapy"; "photobiomodulation"; "light emitting diode"; "biomaterials"; "bone substitutes"; "in vivo animal studies". SYRCLE (SYStematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation) was used to analyze the bias of the studies. A total of 506 studies were found based on the descriptors used, 297 were found in PubMed/MedLine and 209 in Science Direct. Analysis of abstracts and methodology of 108 studies was performed and 86 were excluded. Only 22 studies were considered eligible. At the end of this review, it can be verified that the data presented in recent literature show potential to improve the process of bone repair using PBMT together with several types of biomaterials.
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