Many requirements are necessary to meet the European Union rules to export poultry, including the amount of physiological water and water-protein ratio ( WPR ) in carcasses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify if strain, nutrition, and age affect the amount of collagen and fat and the WPR in cuts and verify whether the latter meets the international export standards. A total of 3,240 male chicks were housed in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 3 × 5 factorial arrangement, which included 3 nutritional densities (regular, medium, and high), 3 strains (021 Embrapa and 2 commercial strains identified as A and B), and 5 ages. Twelve broilers from each treatment (totaling 540 birds) were slaughtered at 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 D of age to determine collagen and fat levels and WPR (through the calculation of moisture and protein percentage) in broiler breasts and legs using the near-infrared spectroscopy method. The use of feeds with different nutritional densities presented in this study has no effect on the WPR in the breast and legs of broilers slaughtered between 28 and 56 D of age. However, nutritional density influences liveweight and percentage of fat in the breast and legs. Collagen percentage in the legs decreases with increasing nutritional density. The 021 Embrapa strain cuts present a lower WPR than those of other commercial strains. However, the values found for all strains studied are within the limits of the Europe Union and Brazilian legislations. The liveweight, breast weight, leg weight, and leg fat increases linearly with age. Quite the opposite, water protein ratio, breast fat level, and breast collagen level decrease linearly with age. Leg WPR and leg collagen level are not affected by age. Despite the differences found for strains, nutritional densities and age readers should be aware that these factors may interact with each other depending on the response variable studied.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of acidulated soybean soapstock in association with lecithin on productive performance, metabolic effi ciency in the utilization of nutrientes, and the egg quality of Japanese quails. A total of 192 quails were used, distributed randomly in a 2×2×2 factorial scheme that included two types of oils, two levels of supplementation (4% and 8%) and two levels of lecithin (1% or 0%). At the end of the six-month experimental period, some double signifi cant interactions were shown between the level of oil and lecithin for the performance variables (egg weight p=0.04, feed intake p<0.01 and feed conversion rate p=0.04). The feed conversion rate also was infl uenced by a double signifi cant interaction between the type of oil and the level of oil (p<0.01). The nutrient digestibility showed that different interactions affected the results. The evaluation of egg quality, was verifi ed that the use of acidulated soybean soapstock did not affect most variables of internal quality. The results showed that it is possible to use 8% acidulated soybean soapstock in combination with 1% lecithin in the diets of Japanese quails for a period of up to six months without a reduction in performance.

Desenvolveu-se um experimento a fim de verificar o efeito da inclusão de pigmentos naturais, feno de alfafa (FA), colorífico de urucum (U) e beterraba (B), em uma dieta a base de arroz integral descascado e não-polido e farelo de soja sobre a coloração das gemas dos ovos de codornas. Foram utilizadas 100 codornas japonesas com 70 dias de idade. Os tratamentos foram T1: dieta controle (arroz integral descascado e não-polido em substituição total ao milho); T2: T1 + de 4% FA; T3: T1 + de 8% FA; T4: T1 + de 12% FA; T5: T1 + 4% de U; T6: T1 + 8% de U; T7: T1 +12% de U; T8: T1 + 4% de B; T9: T1 + 8% de B; e T10: T1 + 12% de B. Ao final de 15 dias foram verificadas as colorações das gemas dos ovos com colorímetro. O feno de alfafa promoveu diminuição da luminosidade e a cor variou do verde ao amarelado. Houve também aumento da saturação da cor com o aumento dos níveis de feno de alfafa na dieta (P

Realizou-se um experimento para verificar o efeito da inclusão de arroz integral (AI) e complexo enzimático (CE), on top, na dieta de codornas de postura. Utilizou-se 240 aves. Os tratamentos foram: T1: dieta basal 0% AI (controle); T2: 25% AI; T3: 50% AI; T4: 75% AI; T5: 100% AI; T6: TC + CE; T7: T2 + CE; T8: T3 + CE; T9: T4 + CE; e T10: T5 + CE. Avaliou-se a produção e o peso médio dos ovos (PMO), a massa de ovos (MO), a conversão por massa de ovos (CMO),a conversão por dúzia de ovos (CDO) e a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos. Os resultados demonstraram diminuição linear de PMO e comportamento quadrático decrescente na produção, na MO e na CMO com o uso do CE. A CDO, quando não usado CE, piorou. Observou-se comportamento linear decrescente da pigmentação das gemas conforme aumentaram os níveis de AI, tanto com CE quanto sem CE. Para as demais características de qualidade, não houve efeito significativo. O AI descascado e não-polido pode ser utilizado na dieta de codornas japonesas em nível de até 25% sem a necessidade de adição de pigmentantes e o uso de complexo enzimático.

ABSTRACT. This study evaluated the effect of canola meal and oil in quail diet on productive performance, egg quality and bone characteristics. Quails (n = 84) with 150-days-of-age and average weight of 234±17 g were used in this experiment that lasted 84 days. The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 7 replications with 3 birds each. Four diets were formulated: SM+SO -control diet with soybean meal and oil; MC+SO -25% replacement of soybean meal with canola meal; MC+CO -25% replacement of soybean meal with canola meal and complete replacement of canola oil with soybean oil; SM+OC -control diet with soybean meal and canola oil. Productive performance, internal and external egg quality and bone characteristics were evaluated. The diet with canola meal and oil (MC+CO) decreased (p <0.05) feed conversion. Albumen height was lower (p < 0.05) for treatments with canola meal and oil (MC+CO). Regardless of the oil used, the dietary canola meal (MC+SO and MC+CO) reduced the weight and length of tibia (p < 0.05), but increased its ash content (p < 0.05). The mixture of canola oil and meal decreases feed conversion, and negatively affects internal egg quality and bone characteristics of quails.Keywords: alternative ingredient, performance, nutrition.Desempenho produtivo, qualidade de ovos e características ósseas de codornas alimentadas com farelo e óleo de canola RESUMO. Este estudo avaliou o efeito do farelo e do óleo de canola na dieta de codornas sobre o desempenho produtivo, qualidade de ovos e características ósseas. Foram utilizadas 84 codornas com 150 dias de idade e peso médio de 234±17 g por um período de 84 dias. Foi utilizado um delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com 4 tratamentos, 7 repetições com 3 aves cada. Foram formuladas quatro dietas: FS+OS -dieta controle com farelo e óleo de soja; FC+OS -25% de substituição do farelo de soja pelo de canola; FC+OC -25% de substituição do farelo de soja pelo de canola e óleo de canola substituindo totalmente o óleo de soja; FS+OC -dieta controle com farelo de soja e óleo de canola. Foi avaliado o desempenho produtivo, a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos e as características ósseas. A dieta com farelo e o óleo de canola (FC+OC) piorou (p < 0,05) a conversão alimentar. A altura do albúmen foi menor (p < 0,05) para os tratamentos com farelo e óleo de canola (FC+OC). Independentemente do óleo utilizado o farelo de canola (FC+OS e FC+OC) na dieta reduziu (p < 0,05) o peso e o comprimento das tíbias, porém aumentou (p < 0,05) o teor de cinzas. A mistura de óleo e farelo de canola piora a conversão alimentar, afeta negativamente a qualidade interna dos ovos e as características ósseas das codornas.Palavras-chave: alimento alternativo, desempenho, nutrição.

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