BACKGROUNDSarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder that can affect any organ of the body. However, otolaryngological manifestations are not common, being found in 10-15% of the cases. Moreover, less than 1% of the patients experience hearing loss.
BACKGROUNDAntisynthetase syndrome (ASS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by interstitial lung disease (ILD), inflammatory arthritis and myopathy, skin hyperkeratosis (mechanic's hands) and Raynaud's phenomenon as the main symptoms. The lung is the most involved extramuscular organ in ASS and it defines the course of the disease, with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) being a rare finding and without an established screening. Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase (anti-ARS) autoantibodies have been correlated with specific clinical presentations and prognosis.
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