Present study was conducted to investigate the pathological effects of Dioctophymatid nematode (Eustrongylides sp.) in the freshwater fish, Glossogobius giuris. It is bright red colored nematode, measuring 30-55.26 mm in length and 0.525-0.630 mm in width, was found encapsulated or free in the body muscles, swim bladder, liver, intestine and ovaries of host fish. The overall prevalence of parasite was 38.47 ± 18.234 % and high prevalence of 68.75 and 50.0 % was observed in month of November, 2008 and March, 2008 respectively i.e. maximum infection of parasite was during pre-spawning and post-spawning period. Only the ovaries of host fish were found infected with encapsulated larvae. Ovaries showed 11.2 ± 0.088 % of prevalence and 0.259 ± 1.176 of relative intensity. The gonado-somatic index and fecundity of infected fishes were observed to decrease as compared to the uninfected ones. The histo-pathological damage caused by parasites in ovaries is characterized by damaged and disrupted germinal epithelium, damaged oocytes showing the sign of necrosis, liquification of yolk globules and reduction in the formation of yolk. The present observation attributes towards the reduction in fecundity and further decline in the population of the host fish.
Present investigation was carried out to study the effect of digenetic trematode, Euclinostomum heretostomum on the histo-architecture of liver of Channa punctata. In case of mild infection, the metacercariae were found attached to the external surface of hepatic tissue. While in case of acute or chronic infection, the encysted metacercariae of Euclinostomum heterostomum were found deeply embedded in the entire hepatic tissue due to which liver appeared thin, compressed and pale with yellowishblack nodules of encysted metacercariae. A space occupying cavity is created by the metacercarial cysts due to which tissue appeared in the form of lumps. Histo-architectural alterations induced by parasite included degeneration, compression and loosening of hepatic tissue with enucleated and deshaped hepatocytes.
Present investigation was carried out to study the histo-pathological alterations induced by metacercariae of digenetic trematode, Euclinostomum heretostomum on the kidney of Channa striatus and Channa marulius in natural condition. Histo-architectural alterations induced by parasite included reduced size of glomeruli, severe degeneration and necrosis of haemopoietic tissue and tubule cells with hypertrophied nuclei in C. striatus. Whereas, infected kidney of C. marulius exhibited the development of several melano-macrophage centers, hypertrophied nuclei of tubule cells and detached epithelial cells of renal tubules. Therefore an attempt has been made to record the first naturally occurring pathogenicity of E. heterostomum in kidney of freshwater murrels.
The present study deals with blood flow through an arterial segment with overlapping stenosis depending on time to a certain extent. The problem is examined by a combined effort of analytical and numerical techniques. The influence of time and slip velocity on wall shear stress, resistance to flow, axial velocity and volumetric flow rate are expressed graphically. The characteristic velocity for protuberance is taken into consideration under which critical value of Reynolds number where separation occurs has been obtained. The expressions of dimensionless discharge variable, dimensionless shear stress variable are found. It is observed that the wall shear stress increases with time parameter but decreases with increasing slip velocity. The axial velocity of blood diminishes with time parameter. This investigation of blood may be useful in designing and fabrication of artificial organs.
The present problem is concerned with the thermal diffusion mass transfer effects on MHD free convective flow of dusty gas through a porous medium induced by the motion of a semiinfinite flat plate moving with velocity decreasing "exponentially with time". The effects of various parameters like magnetic parameter M thermal diffusion effect as soret number S 1 , permeability parameter K 1 , Schimdt number S c are taken into account. The velocity profile, temperature field, and concentration of incompressible dusty gas and dust particles for several parameters are discussed numerically and explained graphically.
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