Background Children with diabetes mellitus type 1 have many deficits, including neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy, all of which compromise their activity and daily functional status. Vestibular dysfunction is another possible complication of diabetes and may increase the risk of falls. Despite diabetes mellitus prevalence, few studies evaluated its effect on hearing, and even fewer examined the effect on the audiovestibular system. A randomized case control pilot study design was implemented to evaluate the effect of type 1 diabetes mellitus on the audiovestibular system of children. Results The study included 50 children divided into 2 groups; the study group included 25 children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus, and the control group included 25 patients who were known to be nondiabetics. Both groups underwent basic audiological and vestibular test battery. Only 16% showed different degrees of hearing loss. Regarding vestibular assessment, saccadic eye tracking showed the highest degree of abnormal results within the study group (80%). Correlation between saccade findings among cases and the risk factors of diabetes like duration, glycated hemoglobin level, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hypoglycemic coma attacks indicated statistically significant positive correlation between saccade latency and glycated hemoglobin level. Conclusion This study proposed that type 1 diabetes mellitus can affect the audiovestibular system of children even in the absence of symptoms. Accordingly, appropriate early rehabilitative management should be planned in an attempt to avoid further complications.

Background Dizziness, including vertigo, affects approximately 15% to over 20% of adults each year. A significant proportion of patients with vertigo develop secondary psychiatric disorders throughout their disease. On the other hand, patients with psychiatric disorders frequently report dizziness as a co-occurring symptom of their illness. The purpose of this study was to screen the prevalence of depression and anxiety indices in dizzy patients and their relation to the severity of their dizziness handicap by administering two different questionnaires: The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).  Results Psychological assessments revealed that 49% of the study group was normal, 29% had anxiety, 7% had depression, and 15% had both anxiety and depression. Besides, vestibular neuritis was associated with a higher mean anxiety score, whereas Meniere's disease was associated with a higher mean depression score.  Conclusion As this study has shown, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between anxiety and depression scores and physical, emotional, functional, and total DHI scores. Screening and treatment of co-morbid mental health disorders are critical for appropriate management of vertigo disability that leads to a higher quality of life and fewer complications.

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Background Vertigo in paediatric age is not a rare condition. However, a lack of awareness about causes of dizziness in children besides the absence of standard diagnostic workup often leads to unnecessary procedures in managing these cases. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and frequency distribution of balance abnormalities in dizzy children. Additionally, the questionnaire’s utility as a screening tool and its predictive accuracy are discussed. Thus, an organized strategy can be allocated to assist the diagnostic process, which is likely to eliminate unnecessary and costly evaluations. Results This study comprised 848 children who presented with any of the dizzy symptoms referred to the Audio-Vestibular Unit, Fayoum University Hospital. The suggested diagnosis was 23.9% of the cases suffered from otitis media either alone or combined with other diseases, while 17.6% had benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood. Migraine patients represented 11.2% of the cases. Only 5.5% of subjects had benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. 78.3% of cases with possible diagnosis showed agreement in diagnosis by both paediatric dizziness questionnaire and the final diagnosis reached by a full assessment of the patients. Conclusion Diagnosing dizziness in children is challenging; nevertheless, a structured history taken in conjunction with a vestibular examination is crucial for establishing an accurate diagnosis. The questionnaire appears to be an even-handed tool for diagnosing dizzy children.

Aim:To evaluate hidden hearing loss (HHL) in industrial workers using the extended high frequency audiometry(EHFA) and ABR wave I amplitude during routine follow-up visits to the audiology clinic to identify and managehidden hearing loss as early as possible. Materials and Methods: This study is comprised of two groups: study group which consisted of 50 adultindustrial workersattending the audio-vestibular medicine clinic for their routine follow-up visits and control group which consisted of 20 adults with bilateral normal peripheral hearing in the frequency range of 250-8000 Hz, including 3 and 6 kHz without any history of occupational noise exposure. Both groups were age and sex-matched. Results: Results showed statistically significant differences between patient and control groups as regards thresholds of EHFA at 12 and 16 KHz. In addition, there was statistically significant reduction in ABR wave I amplitudes between the two groups. Conclusion: Combining extended high-frequency audiometry and ABR amplitude measurements as two methods for early detection of audibility declines upon exposure to noise as well as an early warning of hair cell damage and loss is advised.