Purpose This study aims to investigate factors affecting students’ satisfaction with online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach This study uses quantitative data. A survey of 280 respondents, representing undergraduate students in business schools in Cairo, Egypt is conducted. The survey includes both public and private universities. The participants are questioned about their opinions and attitudes toward satisfaction with online learning amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The findings of this study reveal that Egyptian university students prefer to use synchronous teaching methods using different platforms. Attending virtual sessions and real-time conference call classes are the most preferred mode of delivery as perceived by the respondents. Also, the results of this study found that the internet, platform, class time, loss of interest, motivation and self-motivation and use of online exams as an assessment can be considered as the factors that significantly affect students’ satisfaction with online learning in Egypt. Originality/value To the best of the knowledge, this study is among the first group of studies in Muslim emerging countries that explore the factors affecting students’ satisfaction with online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study investigates the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on stock returns, conditional volatility, conditional skewness and bad state probability. This study utilizes an asymmetric exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model to capture the asymmetric effect of positive and negative shocks (news) on conditional volatility. Using a sample consisting of international stock market indices in Brazil, China, Italy, India, Germany, Russia, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States, over the period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020, we find unprecedented increases in conditional volatilities and bad state probabilities across all the markets. However, this impact is not symmetric across markets. Furthermore, we find that the negative affect of deaths is more pronounced, compared to the positive impact of recovered cases.
This study aims at filling existing research by examining the effect of board composition specially board diversity on firm performance using cross-sectional data from London Stock Exchange (FTSE 350) of non-financial companies with a total observations 3961 companies for the years 2000–2016. To the best of our knowledge, the contribution of this paper is to examine the effect of board diversity (age, gender, education, and nationality) of FTSE 100 and FTSE 250 on firm performance. Our results indicate that age diversity has a negative effect on firm performance, which means that young board members enhance and increase firm performance. Furthermore, education diversity has a negative effect on firm performance. On the other hand, gender diversity has positive effect on firm performance, so if companies increase the number of females in the board of directors, firm performance will increase. Ultimately, our result reveals that nationality diversity has a positive effect on firm performance.
This paper examines the impact of gender board diversity on firm performance for companies registered on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The data has been collected from a unique set of 644 financial companies in the Main (MAIN) market and Alternative Investment Market (AIM) for the period 1999–2016. The firm performance has been measured using return on equity (ROE) and Tobin’s Q. The main independent variable is the female board diversity, which was distinguished into executive and non-executive females. In the MAIN market, the executive female directors negatively affect the firm’s financial performance; however, the non-executive female directors positively impact the firm’s financial performance. Furthermore, the positive effect of non-executive female directors in the bad market is higher than in the good market. Whereas the negative effect of the executive female directors in the bad market is lower than in the good market. To the best of our knowledge, this paper contributes to the corporate governance literature in two folds. First, this paper explores the effect of executive and non-executive female directors on the board on the firm performance. Second, the paper also scrutinizes such associations in two different regimes of the financial market.
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