Se evaluó la presencia de enteropatógenos en 60 crías de alpacas de 1 a 2.5 meses de edad con cuadros mortales de diarrea de las regiones de Pasco y Junín, Perú. Se tomaron muestras de heces para determinar la frecuencia de Escherichia coli y Salmonella sp mediante microbiología convencional, de parásitos gastrointestinales por las técnicas de sedimentación y flotación, y de Criptosporidium sp mediante la técnica de Ziehl Neelsen Modificado. Además, se evidenció la presencia de antígenos virales con la ayuda de un kit comercial de inmunocromatografía. Se identificó E. coli (80%), coronavirus (53.3%), Eimeria sp (43.3%), Nematodirus sp (40%), rotavirus (36.6%), Criptosporidium sp (20%) y Salmonella sp (18.3%). Asimismo, se determinó que el 38.3% de los animales presentó los tres tipos de patógenos, mientras que el 23.3% presentó asociación de bacterias y parásitos, y el 11.7% presentó asociación de virus y bacterias.

Khorasan wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. turanicum (Jakubz), is an ancient cultivated wheat possessing several characteristics that may be useful for durum wheat improvement. In this paper, the allelic variation of prolamins, principal determinants of pasta quality, has been studied in 77 accessions from the USDA‐ARS germplasm collection. Some prolamin subunits difficult to identify by standard electrophoretic methods were analyzed by molecular and proteomic techniques. These analyses allowed identifying unambiguously the subunits combination HMW‐GS 7+16 (usually mistaken for 13+16) and the 13+8 (HMW‐GS) not found so far in wheat. In total, 22 different genotypes were found for the entries from 21 countries analyzed. Prolamin alleles related to good quality in durum wheat have been identified. Also, new allelic variants were identified at almost all the loci, providing a new source of genetic variability with a potential use in breeding. Two geographical distribution patterns of prolamin alleles, with contrasting differences in pasta quality, were detected: one for the Southwest of Asia, and other for the Mediterranean zone. Seven accessions, mainly from Ethiopia and not included in any of those two groups, were rather unique. The results obtained in this study can help to select breeding material and in a more efficient use of the collection.

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The effects of environment and the high molecular weight glutenins on some quality properties (sedimentation volume, % protein content, and starch pasting viscosity) of bread wheat mutant waxy lines were evaluated. Thirty eight 100% amylose-free F 2 derived F6 and F 7 lines were used. The results indicated that the environment did not influence sedimentation volume, mixograph parameters and starch viscosity parameters of waxy flour. Variation in the % protein content was determined mainly by the environment. The sedimentation volume and the mixograph peak development time were influenced by the variation at over expression of Bx7 and the mixograph peak development time was influenced by the Glu-Dl locus. One starch viscosity parameter, time to peak viscosity, was influenced by variation at the Glu-Al locus. This parameter is significantly lower in the waxy lines than the parent line, which shows the influence of the waxy loci. No significant correlation was observed for sedimentation volume, mixograph parameters, protein content and viscosity parameters of waxy lines.