Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the vaginal dose and toxicity in patients of cervical cancer treated with image guided brachytherapy at our institute. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients treated with image based brachytherapy for cervical cancer were included. Vaginal contouring was done on MRI at brachytherapy and with CT scans of subsequent brachytherapy fractions. Dose volume parameters (DVH) were reported in accordance with the GEC-ESTRO guidelines. These were correlated with vaginal toxicity (assessed by CTCAE version 3) and quality of sexual life assessed at one year of completion of treatment. Results: Vaginal shortness was observed in 22 out of 30 (62.8%) patients, Nine (25.7%) had vaginal dryness and in 10 (28.5%) patients, there was contact bleeding. No association could be demonstrated between the dose volume parameters and vaginal toxicity in the present study. Conclusions: The lack of association between dose volume parameters of vagina with vaginal morbidity may be due to uncertainties involved in the delineation of vaginal wall and dosimetry. Future research is required to accurately define vaginal dose distribution to study its correlation with vaginal morbidity. Vaginal morbidity needs to be documented in order to improve the sexual outcome in these patients.
Background:
Since 1898 when August Bier, introduced spinal analgesia, there is lot of advancement made in the technique. There are various approaches and techniques for subarachnoid block.
Aim:
The aim of this study is to compare median and paramedian approach for spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery using Sprotte needle in terms of number of attempts, success rate, adverse effects, and complications.
Materials and Methods:
One hundred patients were randomly divided into two equal groups and underwent subarachnoid block in median and paramedical block for elective cesarean section.
Results:
There is no significant difference between the two groups. Mean with standard deviation in the number of attempts for subarachnoid block through media and paramedian approach is 1.18 ± 0.48 and 1.06 ± 0.24, respectively (
P
= 0.51). The incidence of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) and lower backache was insignificant in both the groups (
P
= 0.218 and 0.646, respectively).
Conclusions:
Paramedian approach should not be considered as a reserve technique for spinal anesthesia and can be used as popularly as the median approach.
Synopsis
In women with confirmed COVID‐19, a negative RT‐PCR test result does not rule out the possibility of a low level of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the female genital tract.
SARS‐CoV‐2 may present in the lower genital tract of women with active COVID‐19 infection and the probability is significantly higher with high viral load.
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