This paper will detail the coordination between multiple teams and across technical discipline groups to successfully drill a ϩ28000 feet (ft.) measured depth (MD) horizontal appraisal well in a high temperature, high hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide (H 2 S/CO 2 ) environment and acquire high quality measurement and logging while drilling (MWD/LWD) data.Strategic tripping practices were used to reduce the risk of temperature related MWD/LWD tool failures. Extensive fluid engineering work was conducted, to design a fit-for-purpose mud system to meet Al Hosn Gas's handling requirements. Effective surface gas removal techniques were used to preserve high quality drilling mud and insure communication with the MWD/LWD tools. Hole cleaning efficiency was determined and maintained by monitoring drilling trends against calibrated models. In addition, the bottom hole assembly (BHA) drive system was designed to maximize power at the bit.Specific drilling parameters allowed for a high rate of penetration (ROP) that effectively reduced exposure time of the down-hole tools to very high temperatures minimizing tool failures. Carefully planned fluid engineering provided constant stable mud properties, which allowed the removal of H 2 S/CO 2 , and insured adequate borehole cleaning and lubricity to alleviate torque and drag. This resulted in high quality borehole images. Lubricants to reduce torque to manageable levels were selected after exhaustive in-house testing. Similar fluid engineering practices were used to select H 2 S scavenger. An extension of the horizontal section beyond the directional plan was accomplished within operational limits set by Al Hosn Gas after all drilling risks were fully assessed.Acquisition of required high quality LWD data was successfully accomplished. LWD borehole images were available only in memory mode, however, azimuthal resistivity curves helped in making geosteering decisions in the absence of the real-time borehole image data. Despite the well being drilled in the pay zone for its entirety, a measurement after drilling (MAD) open-hole log was employed to acquire missing density data that was required after a tool failure. A full petrophysical analysis was completed using the recorded memory data. It was included in the reservoir geo-cellular model and helped to define reservoir properties with a high degree of confidence.Close collaboration and trust between all partners to continually challenge and redefine perceived technical and operational boundaries led to the successful drilling of Al Hosn Gas's longest well. All teams and personnel were aware of the challenges and developed solutions to acquire excellent MWD/ LWD data in one of Al Hosn Gas's most ambitious wells, to date.
Simulation and computational techniques cover a variety of aspects also had proved its feasibility in construction management as whole, so it had adopted by a lot of researches during the last decades with rapid progress. The current study presents a focused review about construction cost simulation using, and provides an overview of such advancements achieved between 1990 and 2016 in construction management sector. This paper focuses specifically on many different topics including construction cost simulation, simulation modelling concept, steps of simulation conducting, simulation purposes, simulation advantages and disadvantages, etc. Major advances in construction cost simulation area are highlighted, as well as the trends for development and application. Over the selected study period, there has been a substantial increase in the use of high-fidelity simulation in construction cost management.
This paper describes the step performance improvement of a 16’’ section in a UAE offshore application. Through close collaboration between directional drilling services, drill bits and operator, a 44% improvement in the section ROP from the field average was achieved. The novel solutions of bit and drive system and drilling practices which allowed for this improvement will be detailed in this paper. A key contributor to this achievement was utilizing a new hybrid bit technology platform which incorporates the dual cutting mechanisms of both polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) and tricone bits. This allows for more efficient drilling through bringing together the improved ROP performance of a PDC bit and the reduced torque fluctuations of a tricone bit. Where initially drilled by tricone bits, the application posed potential for performance improvement, which was to be explored with this bit and BHA solution. Continuous optimization of drilling parameters was essential to minimizing the vibrations and improving the overall drilling efficiency. As a result of the proposed bit and drive system solution and the considerations in execution, the 4900ft long section was drilled in a shoe to shoe run, from surface to Fiqa formation. The unique compatibility between the bit design and the drilling motor allowed for exceeding the intended performance KPI set by the operator. The directional objectives were met as the well was precisely steered between offset wells with critical proximity, where the minimum ellipse separation expected was as low as 1.2ft. The new bit design was seen to not compromise the directional steerability as may be of concern with a PDC bit with a motor. The ROP achieved on the section was a 44% improvement from the field average. Given this being the first run from this new hybrid bit platform, this application still holds potential for further improvements upon design changes based on learnings from the first run. The outcome ultimately would be to take the conventional tricone drilling of this 16’’ section to a complete other performance level.
After completing the drilling phase of the 8½″ section for a well in a giant mature field offshore Abu Dhabi, due to geomechanical challenges it was not possible to run the 7″ liner in a shale formation which was open for a long period of time due to rig repairs (top drive failure in open hole), exposing all reservoirs and compromising the field development strategy. After several unsuccessful attempts to run the liner and leaving a drilling BHA in the hole during one of the cleanout runs, it was decided to sidetrack around the fish to intersect the original 8½″ open hole section in order to recover the original hole and isolate the reservoir flow units from each other, which was critical for the field development since more than five reservoir layers were opened with water and oil bearings increasing the risk of damaging the reservoir integrity due to potential cross flow. Detailed measurement-while-drilling (MWD) survey analysis was conducted for the original hole in order to enhance surveys accuracy and minimize positional uncertainty. Typical survey management practices were implemented for Sag and Drilling String Interference; other techniques such as Dual Inclination, In-Field Referencing, and Multi Station Analysis were also applied. The implementation of these different survey management practices and their respective results are covered in detailed in the current article. Comprehensive planning was carried out, the sidetrack was accomplished and the original hole was successfully intersected at the first attempt. The advanced applied survey management techniques were crucial, particularly in the absence of magnetic ranging as the interval to intersect was open hole. The outcome of these corrections resulted in a shift of 8ft to the final well position, ensuring the correct direction and position for a successful attempt to intersect the well. This intersection was particularly challenging as the original hole had a 3D profile, thus it was critical to minimize both vertical and azimuthal uncertainties. Intersection was achieved with an RSS BHA, and the success of this intersection without magnetic ranging capability was only based on following a planned well trajectory that intersected the original hole surveys, clear validation of the accuracy of the surveys for both original and sidetrack holes. Achieving this challenging directional drilling goal allowed the completion of the well as per original plan, which was critical for the field development plan of these reservoirs. Based on the fact that there is very limited existing literature covering similar cases to the one presented, this current case represents a solid successful reference to be replicated in similar cases in the future covering these challenging applications of advanced survey management techniques.
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