Confrontation naming of 52 unilateral or bilateral brain-damaged Chinese patients were examined with a modified version of the Boston Naming Test (BNT). Chinese patients with left or right hemisphere lesions, contrary to studies on English speakers, demonstrated similar levels of naming impairments, supporting the notion that English and Chinese are mediated by different neuroprocessing systems. In addition, the psychometric properties of the BNT on Chinese population were examined. While the test demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and discriminant validity, level of education was found to be a significant factor affecting participants' performance. A cut-off score of 24 in spontaneous naming yielded a sensitivity of 73.1% and specificity of 75.3% in differentiating normal from brain-damaged participants, suggesting that the modified BNT is applicable to the Chinese population.

The findings were consistent with the predictions of goal theory. Competitiveness induces performance goals and worse self-evaluation after failure among Chinese students in a classroom setting, as was found with Western students in a laboratory setting.

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In this study, the stressor-strain-outcome (SSO) model developed by Koeske and Koeske was adopted to examine the mediating effect of burnout between emotional dissonance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The study involved 264 full-time Chinese school teachers (82 men, 16 women, and 22 individuals whose genders were not specified; mean age = 34.4 years and SD = 8.09 years). Correlation analysis showed that emotional dissonance is positively related to all three burnout dimensions (i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment). Emotional dissonance is also negatively related to OCB toward individuals. Results from structural equation modeling support the SSO model, which states that emotional dissonance first leads to burnout and then to lower OCB. The limitations and implications to the school management, such as provision of emotional regulation training and strengthening of the social network system, were also discussed.