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To evaluate the efficacy of perifoveal tissue dissection (PTD) on patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic macular holes of less than 1-year's duration.Methods: Pars plana core vitrectomy was performed on 107 eyes of 104 consecutive patients with acute idiopathic macular holes. One cohort had routine PTD. In the other cohort, no attempt was made to strip preretinal tissue. Follow-up was longer than 6 months (follow-up range, 6 to 36 months).Results: Overall, 95 (89%) of all macular holes were closed. Visual acuity improved 2 lines or more of the Snellen letter chart in 91 eyes (85%). A postoperative vi-

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Chronic macular holes can be surgically closed with visual improvement in most patients. ILM peeling is an important surgical factor for closure of the macular hole with one operation.