This study aimed to evaluate the emergence, growth, biomass accumulation and tolerance of peanut genotypes under salt stress. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), evaluating six peanut genotypes (Tatuí, L7151, Caiapó, IAC8112, IAC881 and Havana), which were subjected to two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 [control] and 3.5 dS m-1), arranged in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design, with five repetitions, with two plants per plot. Plants were cultivated for 30 days after sowing in lysimeters with capacity for 0.5 dm3, filled with a mixture of non-saline, non-sodic soil and commercial substrate in 1:1 proportion on volume basis. During this period, plants were evaluated for emergence, growth, biomass accumulation, tolerance to salinity and dissimilarity. The genotypes Tatuí and L7151 are the most sensitive to salt stress in the emergence stage. Irrigation with high-salinity water reduced the growth and biomass accumulation of the peanut genotypes, and Caiapó and IAC8112 were the least affected. The classification of salinity tolerance had the following sequence: Caiapó > IAC8112 > Havana > Tatuí > IAC881 > L7151.
Information about the response of onion to different potassium doses may contribute to optimizing the use of fertilizers and, consequently, make the activity more profitable and environmentally sustainable. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of doses of potassium on onion yields. Two field experiments were carried out in the periods of September to December 2012 and April to July 2013. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments corresponded to the potassium doses (0, 36, 72, 108, 144 and 180 kg ha-1 of K2O). Potassium fertilization promoted an increase in the content of K in the leaf, commercial and total yield, with the maximum obtained in the dose of 180 kg ha-1 of K2O. The maximum overall and commercial yields were respectively 54.69 and 54.12 t ha-1 in the experiment of September to December 2012 and 47.39 and 46.39 t ha-1 in that of April to July 2013.
Propôs-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o desempenho agronômico da cebola em diferentes densidades de plantio, em Mossoró, RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de duas cultivares de cebola (Vale Ouro IPA 11 e Bella Dura) e cinco densidades de plantio (80, 120, 160, 200 e 240 plantas m-2). As características avaliadas foram: classificação dos bulbos em função do diâmetro transversal; produtividade total, comercial e não comercial; massa média dos bulbos; massa seca dos bulbos e relação do formato de bulbos. A cultivar mais produtiva foi a IPA 11, com produtividade total de 26,76 t ha-1. A densidade que proporcionou maior produtividade total (30,48 t ha-1) foi a de 204 plantas m-2 e comercial (24,74 t ha-1) foi a de 161 plantas m-2. O incremento da densidade reduziu a massa média e seca de bulbo, percentagem de bulbos das classes 2 e 3, mas aumentou a produtividade não comercial, percentagem de bulbos classe 1 (refugo) e relação de formato de bulbo. A cultivar Vale Ouro IPA 11 foi superior ao híbrido Bella Dura com relação à produtividade total de bulbos, massa média de bulbos comerciais e relação de formato, independentemente da densidade de plantio.
No Nordeste brasileiro, o cultivo da alface restringe-se a pequenas áreas, com a utilização de cultivares pouco adaptadas às condições climáticas da região, dessa forma, ocorre o florescimento precoce e baixa produtividade. Diante disso, a pesquisa foi realizada objetivando-se avaliar as respostas agronômicas de cultivares de alface em função da idade de colheita, quando cultivadas em condições semiáridas. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, entre os meses de outubro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, arranjados em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas consistiram em cinco idades de colheita (20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 dias após o transplantio – DAT), enquanto as subparcelas corresponderam a seis cultivares de alface dos grupos: Lisa (Babá de Verão, Lívia e Aurélia) e Crespa (Jullie, Elba e Maravilha 4 Estações). Foram avaliadas as características: altura e diâmetro de plantas, número de folhas por planta, produtividades total e comercial, e massa seca da parte aérea. A cultivar Babá de Verão é a mais produtiva dentre as cultivares de alface do grupo Lisa e a Jullie dentre as Crespas. A cultivar de alface Aurélia, do grupo Lisa, é a menos produtiva em relação as demais estudadas. A idade de colheita ideal à máxima produtividade comercial foi aos 30 DAT para todas as cultivares de alface.
This study aimed at adapting harvest time of different potato cultivars in two seasons during the year. Two experiments were conducted: one in the rainy season and another in the dry period. Two production factors were studied in experiments using a splitplot design in a complete randomized block design. The first factor (including 3 sweet potato cultivars: ESAM 1, Paraná and Mãe de Família) was assigned to the plots. The second factor (harvest time: 90, 105, 120, 135 and 150 days after planting) was assigned to the subplots. Soluble solids, total soluble sugars, starch content, pulp firmness, cooking time and vitamin C were assessed. The harvest after 150 days resulted in increased levels of soluble sugars, starch, and vitamin C in both growing seasons, compared to other harvests, demonstrating that tuberization does not depend on season. In addition, late harvesting increased the cooking times with all cultivars, especially those grown in the rainy season. In the dry season, cooking time was higher for cv. ESAM 1. Of the three sweet potato cultivars, cv. Parana presented the highest total amount of soluble sugars and vitamin C, as well as faster cooking time, while cv. ESAM 1 had the highest starch content, pulp firmness and the longest cooking time. The results suggest that Paraná and Mãe de Família are feasible for the fresh market and ESAM 1 for industry, regardless of the season or harvest time. These cultivars offer growers flexibility when deciding on sweet potato crops for different purposes, i.e. fresh market or industry. Delaying the harvest of sweet potatoes until 150 days gives greater flexibility to producers in the semi-arid region of Brazil in relation to either fresh or the industrial market.
-Cucurbits have great economic, nutritional and social importance in the Brazilian semiarid region. In this region, many factors can result in reduced productivity of these crops, especially fungal and viral diseases. Therefore, knowledge of cucurbits is crucial for proper disease management. The objective of this work was to identify the major diseases of cucurbits grown in some municipalities in the Hinterland of the state of Pernambuco. Thus, plant samples were collected with symptoms in crops in the municipalities of Salgueiro, Serra Talhada, Floresta, Petrolândia, Ibimirim, Custódia and Inajá. A questionnaire was also applied to gather information about the production profile of producers. Seven fungal pathogens infecting cucurbits were identified: Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Colletotrichum sp., Podosphaera xanthii, Rhizoctonia solani, Didymella bryoniae, Fusarium sp. e Alternaria sp., and three viruses as well: Papaya ringspot viruswatermelon strain (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). It was found that in small crops, there is limited search for technical information om cropping, and these crops originate mostly from native seeds, in contrast to medium and large producers, who use improved cultivars. The melon and watermelon crops are the most commercially exploited, while pumpkins are used in subsistence agriculture. As for plant health problems, most respondents reported knowing the main diseases that occur in crops and perform disease control based on personal experience and / or through the help of the technical assistance provided by agricultural stores. In a few cases, in large farms, there was an agronomist to assist in this type of control.Keywords: Plant pathology survey. Citrullus. Cucurbita. Cucumis. Fungi. Viruses. CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE CUCURBITÁCEAS E DA PREVALÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS EM MUNICÍPIOS PERNAMBUCANOSRESUMO -As cucurbitáceas possuem grande importância econômica, nutricional e social no Semiárido brasileiro. Nesta região, diversos fatores podem acarretar em redução na produtividade dessas culturas, destacando-se as doenças fúngicas e viróticas, tornando-se necessário o conhecimento das mesmas para um adequado manejo. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar as principais doenças de cucurbitáceas produzidas em alguns municípios localizados no Sertão Pernambucano. Para tanto, foram coletadas amostras de plantas com sintomas em cultivos nos municípios de Salgueiro, Serra Talhada, Floresta, Petrolândia, Ibimirim, Custódia e Inajá. Também foi aplicado um questionário visando obter informações do perfil produtivo dos produtores. Identificou-se sete patógenos fúngicos infectando cucurbitáceas, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Colletotrichum sp., Podosphaera xanthii, Rhizoctonia solani, Didymella bryoniae, Fusarium sp. e Alternaria sp., e três vírus, Papaya ringspot virus type watermelon (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Verificou-se que nos pequenos cultivos, a busca por informaçõe...
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