This paper presents initial results available from the European Commission Horizon 2020 5G Public Private Partnership Phase 2 project "SaT5G" (Satellite and Terrestrial Network for 5G). 1 After describing the concept, objectives, challenges, and research pillars addressed by the SaT5G project, this paper elaborates on the selected use cases and scenarios for satellite communications positioning in the 5G usage scenario of enhanced mobile broadband.
Polarization shift keying (PolSK) is a digital modulation technique using the state of polarization of an electromagnetic wave as the signalling quantity. PolSK comes from fibre communications, where the channel offers two orthogonal states of polarization. This article develops on the idea to adapt this technology to satellite communications, where similar channel conditions exist. For this purpose, a digital PolSK modem was implemented on a programmable logic board. A proposal for constellation design as well as thoughts on synchronization of PolSK over satellite is presented. The modem was used to demonstrate a 16-state Polarization Shift Keying link over a commercial satellite in K u band. Measurements have been conducted in a back-to-back setup on intermediate frequency and on a K u band transponder simulator to assess the impact of path-length differences, carrier recovery and non-linearity.S 0 : Proportional to the power flux density of the wave. S 1 : Linear polarization along the principal reception axes X and Y:(S 1 > 0 W horizontal, S 1 < 0: vertical) S 2 : Linear polarization diagonal to the principal reception axes X and Y:(S 2 > 0: linear C45 ı ; S 2 < 0: linear 45 ı ) S 3 : Circular polarization in the wave.(S 3 > 0: right circular, S 3 < 0: left circular)The Stokes vector is also applicable to polarized transversal electromagnetic waves. Assuming the carrier frequencies equal, ! x D ! y , it can be expressed using the modulation parameters of the electric field: t 1 D 23:75 ns D 2:43% sym t 2 D 50:03 ns D 5:12% symThe receiver performance was measured for both cases, the results are displayed in Figure 11. ' There is no specific reason for this choice of lengths besides that those were readily available cables.
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