Price disparity contributes to a recurrent process whereby irregular users who are able to gain access to cheaper heroin in urban areas, return to the mid-Hudson and sell premium-priced heroin to other users who do not have access to cheaper heroin. This process contributes to the diffusion of heroin abuse.

This study of gambling discourse focuses on how the governing party in Singapore makes use of the discursively constructed juxtaposing identities of social and problem gamblers as a symbolic resource for reaching its objective of public governance. To this end, the present article studies four gamblers' spoken testimonials recorded for a campaign launched by the Singapore National Council on Problem Gambling. The data were analyzed in relation to process types, appraisal resources, and code choice. It is found that via different linguistic means, the gamblers, as represented in the discourse, perform a range of identities, thereby foregrounding specific aspects of their self. Examples include the social gamblers' frequent use of relational processes to offer descriptive statements on the definition of gambling and the problem gamblers' self-evaluation of unethical behavior associated with gambling through intensive use of social sanction judgment markers. The results lead to the conclusion that the juxtaposition of the identities between social and problem gamblers is used symbolically by the government to construct the stigmatized identity of "problematic gamblers" so as to monitor its citizens' demeanor in the midst of legitimizing casino gambling.

Contextualized within immigrants' acquisition of specialized knowledge about the host country at the institutional level, this article examines a 64295-word corpus of textbooks written for participants of the orientation course in German politics, history and culture. Corpus-based techniques ("keyness," collocation and qualitative examination of concordance lines) are deployed to explore the corpus. The findings reveal that the collocational patterns of the identified keywords construct particular world views vis-à-vis Germany. For instance, the keyword DDR [German Democratic Republic (GDR), aka East Germany] frequently co-occurs with negatively connoted lexis while collocates of the keywords denoting present-day Germany (e.g., Bundesrepublik Deutschland [Federal Republic of Germany] and Staat [nation, country, state]) facilitate the portrayal of Germany as a nurturing welfare state that is popular among foreigners. It is argued that such discursively-construed opposition between the "bad" GDR and the "good" Federal Republic of Germany helps to legitimize the German reunification. Furthermore, it is found that certain keywords (e.g., Sie [you], Kurs [course, class] and z.B. [e.g.]) are "metadiscourse resources" (Hyland, 2005). Their pedagogic effects are discussed in relation to the ideological implications of the research findings.

This study of political discourse focuses on three selected texts about Brexit deliveredby British Prime Minister Theresa May in early 2017. The texts represent three rareoccasions on which May revealed to the public in detail what “negotiating objectives”the government has for Brexit. The three texts are: (i) the Lancaster House speech;(ii) Britain’s Article 50 notification letter; (iii) May’s oral statement in Parliament onthe notification letter. Analytic tools from systemic functional linguistics (SFL) wereemployed to investigate the thematic choices in these three texts. The findings shed lighton the interface between discourse and ideology. For example, frequent reference tothe British society in the experiential Themes of the Lancaster House speech suggeststhat May tries to give prominence to the voice of the British people while addressingthe general public. In the Article 50 notification letter, textual Themes which signal anadversative relation construe May’s optimism about the prospect of Brexit. Furthermore,the first-person plural pronoun we in the thematic position serves multiple purposes, oneof which is to establish solidarity between Britain and the European Union. The currentresearch underscores the contributions of SFL thematic analysis to the study of ideologyin discourse.

Capitalizing on the lack of gambling-related research among discourse analysts and the recent liberalization of casino operations in Singapore, the present article reports on the discursive representation of gamblers in Singapore newspaper texts by merging corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis. 889 articles from the popular daily paper The Straits Times (Singapore) were retrieved via LexisNexis in accordance with a series of criteria. The extracted texts, which were dated from 17 April 2005 to 28 April 2013, constitute the 615 827-word corpus of the current study. WordSmith Tools 6.0 was used to perform collocation analysis, which was enriched by critical examination of the concordance lines. The findings indicate that apart from gender stereotyping, social alienation is manifested in various ways while gamblers are being portrayed. For instance, the pronoun collocate 'we' of the node 'gambler*' tends to signify the non-gamblers' voice which is geared towards the institutional stance. The verb collocate 'say' is frequently used in contexts where the gamblers are being commented upon or criticized. The analytic outcomes of the research have once again confirmed the 'hegemonizing' character of newspaper texts.