Objective of the study was to evaluate protective effect the Ethanolic extract of seeds of Hordeum vulgare was tested in an animal model of nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity was induced by the addition of Gentamicin (80 mg/kg; i.p) to the normal diet of Wistar albino rats for a period of 10 days. Group I served as a normal control. Group II served as nephrotoxicity control. Group III, IV and V were treated with ethanolic extract of Hordeum vulgare (EHV) at 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively. The effects of EHV on various biochemical parameters were studied in Nephrotoxicity rats. Gentamycin induced nephrotoxicity in rats, there were significant elevated kidney weight, body weight loss and blood vessel congestion and scattered mononuclear inflammatory cell within the interstitial in gentamycin induced rats. In vivo antioxidant parameters including protein, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase (CAT) were also determined. EHV significantly maintained the renal parameters like serum urea, BUN, creatinine. The extract also induced a significant decrease in MDA which increased in nephrotoxicity control rats. The extract also significantly increased reduced glutathione, superoxide (100,250) and CAT in nephrotoxicity rats which were markedly decreased in gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. This study demonstrates the protective activity of Hordeum vulgare seeds and rationalizes their medicinal use for the treatment of nephrotoxicity.
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