This paper presents guanidine-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticle-supported palladium (II) (Fe 3 O 4 @Guanidine-Pd) as an effective catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl halides using phenylboronic acids and also for selective reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding amines. Fe 3 O 4 @Guanidine-Pd synthesized is well characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, thermal gravimetric analysis, XPS, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry analysis. The prepared Fe 3 O 4 @Guanidine-Pd showed effective catalytic performance in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions by converting aryl halides to their corresponding biaryl derivatives in an aqueous environment in a shorter reaction time and with a meagerly small amount of catalyst (0.22 mol %). Also, the prepared Fe 3 O 4 @Guanidine-Pd effectively reduced nitroarenes to their corresponding amino derivatives in aqueous media at room temperature with a high turnover number and turnover frequency with the least amount of catalyst (0.13 mol %). The most prominent feature of Fe 3 O 4 @Guanidine-Pd as a catalyst is the ease of separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture after the reaction with the help of an external magnet with good recovery yield and also reuse of the recovered catalyst for a few cycles without significant loss in its catalytic activity.

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Layered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD’s) have been considered as an important class of materials in the field of energy and environmental applications. Therefore, it is desirable to fabricate 2D hybrid TMD’s materials in simple solution processing methods. In this study, MoS2-RGO hybrid 2D few layered sheets are produced by supercritical fluid process (SCF) by using ethanol as solvent at 250 ºC in a short duration of 0.5 h. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of 2D hybrid few layered sheets. The electrochemical impedance measurement indicates fivefold increase in conductivity of bulk MoS2. This work presents rapid and one pot exfoliation of MoS2 and simultaneous reduction of GO that can facilitate the production of 2D hybrid materials.

Nanostructured CdS thin films are essential for efficient electron transport and they act as an ideal buffer layer in CIGS/CZTS/CdTe thin-film solar cells. Herein, low-temperature processed CdS nanostructured thin film on a glass substrate by chemical bath deposition for its application in optoelectronic devices is reported. As synthesized, CdS nanostructured thin films are exhibited polycrystalline, confirmed using X-ray diffraction/transmission electron microscopy. Further, polycrystalline (hexagon/cubic) nature reconfirmed by Raman band at 305 cm-1 of as-grown films. The surface morphology and EDS of CdS thin films reveal uniformity on the surface with non-cuboid nanoparticles and nearly stoichiometric. The optical band gap of CdS nanostructured thin films was found to be 2.3 eV, properties indicating its suitability as a buffer layer in CIGS/CZTS thin-film solar cells.