My interest in the circumplex model of interpersonal traits started when I read Leary's (1957) Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality in the early 1970s. I was seeking a theoretical background to my dissertation topic, which concerned interpersonal responses given to a projective test styled after Rosenzweig's ( 1945) Picture Frustration Test. 1 was impressed-and still am-by the simultaneous richness and clarity of Leary's book: It offered a fascinatingly elaborate picture of the social side of personality and at the same time showed how the description could be derived from relatively few basic concepts and principles. Since then I have remained convinced that Leary's personality system, the interpersonal circle, as it is often called, carries within it some very important messages not only about personality dispositions but also about the basis of human sociability.Since the 1950s, the interpersonal circle has, in the main, retained the substance and structure that Leary and his colleagues gave to it (Freedman, Leary, Ossorio, & Coffey, 1951; Leary, 1957), although slightly alteredThe study was supported by the Social Science Research Council of the Academy of Finland. I wish to thank Ahti Jokinen for posing the photographed expressions, Raija Sassi for drawing the expression pictures, and Seppo Roponen for technical assistance.
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