Objective: Test the antioxidant activity of banana peel extract, watermelon rind extract, and combinations, also in lotion dosage form.
Methods:The antioxidant activity of each extract and their combinations were tested with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil method and formulated into a lotion dosage forms. Evaluation of the lotion dosage forms, including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity and rheology, microbiology, acute dermal irritation test, as well as the antioxidant activity test.Results: Antioxidant activity test on the extract showed inhibitory concentration 50% (IC 50
Conclusion:Lotion dosage form formula that meets the requirements of quality, efficacy, and safety with the best antioxidant activity is lotion dosage form combination of banana peel and watermelon rind extract formula (IC 75 :IC 25 ).
Phytochemical screening Phytochemical screening is a chemical compounds study of the simplicia and the extract of okra fruit including identification of flavonoid, steroid and triterpenoid, saponin and coumarin groups. 8,9
Objective: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has potential antidiabetic activity. This study created a nanoemulsion of okra extract (NOE) and examined its activity on alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in mice.
Methods: Okra was macerated with 70% ethanol and dried in a rotary evaporator into the crude extract. The extract was encapsulated in a solution of glyceryl caprylate, propylene glycol, and glycerine to form a nanoemulsion. To determine the antihyperglycaemic effect of okra extract, 35 male mice (Mus musculus L.) were divided into seven groups: a non-diabetic normal control group and six diabetic mice groups (untreated negative control, glibenclamide-treated positive control, and four treatments with okra ethanol extract (OEE) at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW and NOE at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW).
Results: The group treated with NOE at 400 mg/kg BW (NOE400) had the lowest average blood glucose level of 93.4 mg/dL among hyperglycaemic mice. The decrease in blood glucose levels in NOE400 (52.05%) was significantly different from those in the positive control (42.63%) and OEE treatments (39.32%). The nanoemulsion used in this study fulfills quality requirements, with a mean particle size of 134.7 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.512, and a zeta value of −26.72 mV.
Conclusion: NOE reduced blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic mice better than OEE. Nanoemulsion can improve the antidiabetic activity of okra extract by increasing penetration of active compounds into interstitial space so that their delivery and bioavailability are higher.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the quality parameters and analyzed the antioxidant activity of seroja leaves Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Methods: The quantification of the chemical compound was determined by its total phenol and flavonoid levels. The evaluate the antioxidant activity was determined by the comparability of the four common radical scavenging assays using 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS); 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical; cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC); ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods.
Results: The results of phytochemical screening for simplicia powder and 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves contain secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarin, quinones, and triterpenoid steroids. The results of the determination of the quality parameters meet the requirements of quality and safety standard of the medicinal herb. The result of the determination of total phenol content from 70% ethanol extract of Seroja leaves was 181.62±0.82 mg GAE/g extract. The results of the determination of total flavonoid levels from 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves amounted to 289.83±1.04 mg QE/g extract. The results of antioxidant activity tests using the ABTS, DPPH, and TBA methods showed IC50 respectively 287.7 mg/l, 22.3 mg/l, and 352.6 mg/l and CUPRAC and FRAP methods had an antioxidant capacity of 160.76±0.35 and 253.36±0.48 mg AAE/g extract.
Conclusion: Seroja leaves (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) have the potential to be used as an antioxidant medicinal herb and its extract meet the standard of quality control and safety.
Objective: The purpose of this study was the determination of the quality parameters of the antidiabetic activity of 70% ethanol extract and Kembang Bulan leaf nanoparticle extract.
Methods: Kembang Bulan powder was macerated kinetic with 70% ethanol, evaporated until a thick extract was obtained using a rotary evaporator, then specific and non-specific parameters were determined, and phytochemical screening was done. The extract was tested for anti-diabetic activity in vitro using the α-glucosidase enzyme.
Results: Phytochemical screening results show the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, essential oils, coumarin, steroids, and triterpenoids. The results of quality parameter examination showed that the extract had a thick consistency, blackish-brown color, aromatic odor, 75.20% dissolved compound and 71.97% dissolved compound in ethanol, 9.65% drying shrinkage, 8.73% moisture content, the remaining solvent is 0.43%, the total ash content is 7.12%, the acid insoluble ash content is 0.93%, the Pb level is 0.1167 mg/kg BW, the Cd level is 0.0620 mg/kg BW, the ALT microbial contamination is 0.6827x and Mold and yeast contamination 0.156x. Total flavonoid levels were 1.15%.
Conclusion: The test results can be concluded that the 70% ethanol extract and nanoparticle extracts from Kembang Bulan leaves can inhibit the activity of the αglucosidase enzyme and the inhibitory results obtained by the nanoparticle extract are greater than the 70% ethanol extract.
Introduction: Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) contains a lot of medium chain fatty acids. VCO combined with coffee grounds (Coffea arabica Linn) and activated carbon (Activated carbon Cocos nucifera L) has the potential to form a preparation that can moisturise and brighten the skin. The purpose of this study was to make cosmetic cleansing preparations containing three natural ingredients. Methods: This study evaluated the organoleptic body scrub preparations, homogeneity, dispensability and pH for three different formulations. In vivo test for irritation (oedema and erythema) was carried out on albino rabbits (n = 3) for each treatment group. Clinical irritation testing was performed on the forearm of healthy volunteers, 17 - 45 years of age with no history of allergies (n = 30). Determination of skin moisture content and melanin index was carried out as a measure of effectiveness. Results: Organoleptic and homogeneity tests showed that preparations had dark black colour, the distinctive smell of coffee, it was homogeneous, spread ability was in the range of 4 cm with the pH at a safe pH for the skin. Irritation results also did not show any oedema and erythema in in vivo testing. In clinical testing no irritation occurred by testing the body scrub samples. Body scrubs routinely used by volunteers for 2 months increased moisture on the skin as well as brightness (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Body scrub creams containing VCO, coffee grounds and activated carbon are preparations that have the potential to be cosmetic cleansers.
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