No abstract

This study aimed to examine the effect of interactive multimedia on problemsolving skills based on gender. The sample was chemistry education students in IKIP Mataram that consisted of 10 males and females' students each. This study was pre-experimental research with a pretest-posttest one group design. Data collection was obtained by tests and interviews. The test of the problem-solving, in the form of the essay, was divided into three types, namely conceptual, algorithm, and conceptual-algorithm problems. Problem-solving was measured following the stages of Polya's problem-solving, namely understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back. The interview was conducted to gain more insight into their problem solving skill. Data were analyzed statistically using independent sample t-test and normalized gain scores (N-gain). The results of the analysis of the initial data obtained a significant value of 0.809, which indicated there was no difference between the problem-solving skills of male and female students. Meanwhile, the final data analysis obtained a significant value of 0.034 which means there was a difference between the problem-solving skills of the students. This furthermore showed that the use of interactive multimedia in chemistry learning increased the problem-solving skills of male better than the female. Moreover, male students' problem-solving skills were higher than the females in all types of problems and at all stages of problem-solving. Due to interactive multimedia, the conceptual understanding and learning motivation of students is enhanced.

Most of the students had difficultyin understanding the concept of chemistry  which is abstract and cannot connect the concepts studied with the phenomena in everyday life.This is because the instructional media and learning models used by the teacher do not pay attention to submicroscopic representations and do not link chemistry with the environment around students.This study aims to develop Chemical Interactive Multimedia (CIM) based on PBL (Problem Based Learning) to improve students' Generic Science Skills (GSS). PBL-based CIM was developed on the concept of salt hydrolysis in a tutorial format. This study was a Research and Development using the ADDIE design. The research procedure consists of five stages, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The PBL-based CIM effectiveness test against the GSS of MA Darul Habibi NW Paok Tawah students was carried out at the implementation stage using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire to obtain eligibility data and student responses, as well as a description test to obtain KGS data. CIM based on PBL feasibility data will be analyzed using a five-scale absolute norm, student responses were analyzed descriptively, and GSS data were analyzed using a normalized gain score (N-gain). The validation results show that PBL-based MIK has an average score of 92% which means it was very feasible.The limited trial of 12 students stated that PBL-based CIM met the aspects of appearance, readability, language, and ease of use very well.The results of PBL-based CIM trials in learning can increase students' GSS which is indicated by an average N-gain score of 58% in the moderate category.Therefore, it can be concluded that PBL-based MIK was successfully developed in the very feasible category and could improve students' GSS.

Pembelajaran IPA banyak menyajikan masalah-masalah yang ada dikehidupan sehari-hari misalkan peristiwa pencemaran lingkungan. Setiap orang membutuhkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi untuk menghadapi setiap masalah dengan baik. Salah satu bentuk keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi adalah keterampilan berpikir kritis. Model yang dapat melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah model discovery learning. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP pada materi pencemaran lingkungan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan desain Posttest-only Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua kelas VII SMPN 4 Praya Tengah Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015 yang terdiri atas 2 kelas. Sampel diambil dengan tekhnik sampling jenuh sehingga semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi 5 % dengan bantuan SPSS 16.0 For Windows. Hasil analisis diperoleh nilai signifikan data keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 0,034. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi pencemaran lingkungan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Media Animasi Submikroskopik (MAS) terhadap kemampuan representasi siswa pada setiap sub materi pokok larutan penyangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan (N-gain) kemampuan representasi siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi (p=0,002) dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Selain itu, rata-rata N-gain kemampuan representasi siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol pada setiap sub materi pokok. Konsep komponen larutan penyangga mengalami peningkatan tertinggi di kelas eksperimen (rata-rata N-gain = 81,21%). Konsep pH larutan penyangga mengalami peningkatan tertinggi di kelas kontrol (rata-rata N-gain = 76,42%). MAS memuat konsep larutan penyangga pada level submikroskopik dengan jelas sehingga dapat membantu siswa memahami konsep-konsep pada level makroskopik dan simbolik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa MAS dapat meningkatkan kemampuan representasi siswa pada setiap sub materi pokok.