Some previous studies mentioned that papaya seed extract has anti-inflammatory activity because it contains polyphenols including phenolic and flavonoid acids. Polyphenols of the papaya seed extracts are known to inhibit the severity of periodontitis. It can prevent the release of excessive osteoclastogenesis which may promote bone resorption aggravating periodontitis. Hence, this study aims to determine the role of papaya seed extract in reducing the number of osteoclasts in rats with periodontitis. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of induced periodontitis using lipopolisakarida (LPS) Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. Gingivalis) and followed by wire ligature in “8” placed around the mandible mandibular incisor. The first group was given standard food without any papaya extract, while each rat in three other groups with periodontitis (P2, P3, P4) was given with Papaya seed extracts of 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW. Seven rats in one group were not induced by periodontitis and were fed with standard food as a control group. On the 30th day, the rat was sacrificed, and its transverse pieces of alveolar bone around the mandibular incisor were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The data analyzed by one way ANOVA indicated a significant result. Thus, it is conclusive that extract of papaya seed ethanol inhibited osteoclastogenesis in Wistar rats induced with periodontitis.
The papaya seed ethanol extract is rich in antioxidant ingredients, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. One of the main factors causing chronic inflammatory in periodontitis is oxidative stress. Administration of papaya seed extract is assumed to increase the number of rat osteoblast cells induced periodontitis. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of papaya seed extract on osteoblasts cells of rat induced periodontitis. This research represented an experimental laboratory-based investigation involving 35 rats of the Rattus norvegicus strain divided into 5 treatment groups (K, P1, P2, P3, P4). Control group (K) was not induced by periodontitis and was not given an extract, while group P induced periodontitis using LPS Phorphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) for 7 days and continued wire mesh installation around the mandibular incisors in the form of number “8” for 7 days. P1 group was given feed only without extract, while the rest were given extract of 200 mg/kgBB, 300mg/kgBB, and 400mg/kgBB. The data obtained were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test. The results showed that the average number of osteoblasts varied significantly between the groups. There was an increase in the average number of osteoblast cells in rat induced periodontitis after given papaya seed extract.
Objective: The objective of the study was to quantify the quercetin and chlorogenic contained in the ethanolic extract of papaya seed. Methods: Papaya seeds were extracted using the maceration method; then, the qualitative phytochemical analysis was obtained from standard phytochemical screening; furthermore, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) examination was used to determine the number of its bioactive compounds. Results: The quantitative examination using LC–MS showed that the content of chlorogenic acid was greater than the quercetin level. Further studies have to be carried out regarding the papaya seed ethanolic extract in vitro inhibition compare to the antibacterial potential of the commercial antibiotics on the tested bacteria species. Conclusion: Our results suggest that papaya seed ethanolic extract quantitatively contains chlorogenic acid greater than quercetin.
RISKESDAS showed that 73% of children aged 10-14 years in indonesia experienced caries, but only 9.4% received dental treatment by the dentists. Health promotion that has not been maximized as well as pandemic conditions are obstacles in increasing dental health knowledge, especially for children. In this study, two factors will be used as variables, which is behavior and health services with an approach using the buzz group technique to elementary school students. Methods: The study was conducted on 95 students from 4 elementary schools in Malang. Started with answering the pre-test which contains knowledge about early detection of caries. Then, given training and counseling knowledge of caries early detection and ended by filling out a post test. The pre-test and post-test scores were analyzed using the t-test to determine the differences and the effect of buzz technique-based counseling on students' knowledge. Results and discussion: Based on the calculation of the analysis obtained differences. The average result of the pre-test the percentage/number of correct answers is 80.3, while the average post-test result is the percentage of correct answers is 86.8. The normality test was obtained p>0.05 so the data was normally distributed and the correlation result of the T-test p>0 was 0.915. Conclusion: There are differences and effects on training and counseling using the buzz group technique on the knowledge of early caries detection in elementary school students.
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