ABSTRAK.Teknik perbenihan perlu diperhatikan untuk mendapatkan benih wortel bermutu. Hal ini terjadi dikarenakan oleh teknik perbenihan / pemilihan umbella sebagai sumber bibit kurang tepat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu benih wortel melalui perlakuan pemangkasan cabang dan pemberian pupuk boron. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan JanuariMei 2014 di Kebun Percobaan Berastagi, dengan ketinggian ± 1.340 m dpl, jenis tanah Andisol. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan, di mana faktor 1= teknik pemangkasan (P 0 = tanpa pemangkasan, P 1 = pemangkasan cabang tersier, P 2 = pemangkasan cabang primer dan tersier) dan faktor 2 = dosis pupuk boron (Bo = 0, B1 = 5 kg/ ha, B2 = 10 kg/ha, dan B3 = 15 kg/ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemangkasan cabang tersier pada perbenihan wortel dapat meningkatkan jumlah cabang sekunder 15,12 -23,91%, diameter cabang sekunder 17,87 -19,97%, bobot kotor benih 66,87 -70,62%, bobot bersih benih 62,85 -70,62%, dan menurunkan persentase benih hampa 32,82 -44,52%. Pemberian pupuk boron dengan dosis 15 kg/ha dapat meningkatkan jumlah cabang sekunder 60,89%, bobot kotor benih 59,85%, bobot bersih benih 67,68%, dan menurunkan persentase benih hampa ±58,32% dibanding tanpa pemberian boron. Persentase tumbuh benih dapat ditingkatkan (49,28 -51,89%) dengan perlakuan pemangkasan cabang tersier dan pemberian pupuk boron 5-10 kg/ha. Kata kunci: Daucus carota; Pemangkasan cabang; Pupuk boron ABSTRACT. Seeding techniques need considered to get a quality carrot seeds. This occurs due to the seeding technique/umbella election as seed sources are less precise. This study aims to improve the production and quality of carrot seeds by treatment branch pruning and fertilizer application boron. The study was conducted from January to May 2014 in Berastagi Experimental Gardens, with an altitude of ± 1,340 m asl, Andisol soil type. The design used was a factorial randomized block design with three replications. Factor 1: pruning techniques (P 0 = without pruning, P 1 = pruning tertiary branches, P 2 = pruning primary and tertiary branches) and factor 2 = dose boron fertilizer (Bo = 0, B 1 = 5 kg/ha, B 2 = 10 kg/ha and B 3 = 15 kg/ha). The results show that tertiary branch pruning can increase the number of secondary branches 15.12-23.91%, the diameter of the secondary branch 17.87-19.97%, gross weight of seed 66.87-70.62%, net weight of seed 62.85-70.62% and reduced the percentage of empty seed 32.82-44.52%, boron fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg/ha can increase the number of secondary branches of 60.89, 59.85% seed gross weight, net weight of seeds of 67.68%, and reduced the percentage of empty seed ± 58.32% than without boron. The percentage of good growing seed can be improved ha (49.28-51.89%) by tertiary branch pruning and fertilizer application 5 to 10 kg/ha.
Chilli pepper is a strategic horticultural commodity for its economic, nutritional, and medicinal values and is used as a spice in a variety of cuisines all over the world. Induced mutation by gamma ray’s irradiation has been used to increase chilli resistance and quality. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum dose of gamma irradiation in inducing resistance in putative mutation(M1) on chilli pepper seeds. The seeds induced were infected by Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (PYLCV) and were irradiated with 0, 25, 50, 100,150,200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000Gy. The plants (M1) were observed for their seed germination, leaf length, leaf width, and plant height. The results indicated that the best LD50 irradiation was 288.269 Gy (y = 82.7847+ 0.0698x + 0.0002x2 + 2.0082x3). The results also revealed that plants irradiated with doses 150, 200, and 250 Gy were selected to be planted in the field.
A major challenge in the development of shallot seeds is the limited availability of qualified seed due to pathogen infection during the vegetative phase. The study aims to determine the effect of storage duration and paclobutrazol (PBZ) treatment to the resistance of shallots crop. The study was conducted at the Berastagi Experimental Fields, Vegetable Crops Research Institute in February to May 2017. The experiment was arranged by randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is bulbs storage duration, which is without storage and stored for 2 months. The second factor is PBZ treatment with levels ie 0, 0.5. 1, 1.5 and 2 mL/L. The observation parameters are the diseases percentage, diseases intensity, roots number, and roots length. The results showed that the shallot bulbs that singly stored had a significant effect on the diseases caused by Peronospora destructor, Alternaria porri, and Fusarium wilt with low percentage category. The PBZ treatment had not significant effect on all observation variables, but the interaction with 2 months storage duration had effect on root length at 60 days after planting (DAP).
Pollinating insects act as agents for transferring pollen to the pistil that leads to the increase of quality seed production. Since carrot is propagation through seed, insect pollination are important in the reproduction of the crop. The purpose of this study was to observe the diversity and activity of pollinating insects on carrot flowers in the Experimental Garden of the Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation (IP2TP) Berastagi. Scan sampling method was applied to record the pollinator diversity, while the foraging behaviour of the insects was observed using focal sampling. The number of insects were recorded, collected and preserved in ethanol 70%. Insect identification guideline book was used to identify the insects by comparing their morphology and physiology. The results showed that there were 8 insect species visiting the carrot flowers: Amegilla sp., Polyrachis sp., Coccinella sp., Rhagonycha sp., Muscidae sp., Chrysomya sp., Nephrotoma sp. and Tabanus sp. Amegilla sp. was found to have the highest intensity visiting the carrot flowers (21.6 ± 10.06)% while the lowest was demonstrated by Polyrachis sp. (12.6 ± 4.12)%. Also, Amegilla sp. was recorded to be the most active insect (11.84 ± 1.46 seconds/flower) with the number of flowers visited was 5,06 ± 1,46 flowers/minute. Polyrachis sp. has been revealed to have the longest stay on the flowers visited (49.24 ± 3.89 seconds/flower) with the number of flowers visited 1.21 ± 3.90 flowers/minute. The diversity of pollinating insect was found to be in intermediate level (H’ = 1.89).
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan jenis trichoderma spp yang secara spesifik memacu pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produksi kentang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK Faktorial) dengan 3 ulangan yaitu Faktor Pertama I adalah waktu aplikasi Trichoderma yang terdiri atas WT1 = Diaplikasikan Trichoderma spp satu minggu sebelum tanam kentang dilapangan. WT2 = Diaplikasikan Trichoderma spp satu minggu setelahtanam, WT3 = Diaplikasikan Trichoderma spp dua minggu setelah tanam. Faktor kedua adalah Jenis isolate Trichoderma spp diberikan terdiri atas JT 1 = Trichoderma koninggi, JT2 = Trichoderma harzianum, JT3 = Trichoderma viride. Perlakuan waktu aplikasi Trichoderma spp (W1= 1 minggu sebelum tanam) menunjukkan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan produksi kentang. Sedangkan perlakuan jenis Trichoderma spp yang diberikan Trichoderma harzianum menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan produksi lebih tinggi dibandingkan jenis Trichoderma viride dan koninggi.
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