No abstract
A major challenge in the development of shallot seeds is the limited availability of qualified seed due to pathogen infection during the vegetative phase. The study aims to determine the effect of storage duration and paclobutrazol (PBZ) treatment to the resistance of shallots crop. The study was conducted at the Berastagi Experimental Fields, Vegetable Crops Research Institute in February to May 2017. The experiment was arranged by randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is bulbs storage duration, which is without storage and stored for 2 months. The second factor is PBZ treatment with levels ie 0, 0.5. 1, 1.5 and 2 mL/L. The observation parameters are the diseases percentage, diseases intensity, roots number, and roots length. The results showed that the shallot bulbs that singly stored had a significant effect on the diseases caused by Peronospora destructor, Alternaria porri, and Fusarium wilt with low percentage category. The PBZ treatment had not significant effect on all observation variables, but the interaction with 2 months storage duration had effect on root length at 60 days after planting (DAP).
Pollinating insects act as agents for transferring pollen to the pistil that leads to the increase of quality seed production. Since carrot is propagation through seed, insect pollination are important in the reproduction of the crop. The purpose of this study was to observe the diversity and activity of pollinating insects on carrot flowers in the Experimental Garden of the Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation (IP2TP) Berastagi. Scan sampling method was applied to record the pollinator diversity, while the foraging behaviour of the insects was observed using focal sampling. The number of insects were recorded, collected and preserved in ethanol 70%. Insect identification guideline book was used to identify the insects by comparing their morphology and physiology. The results showed that there were 8 insect species visiting the carrot flowers: Amegilla sp., Polyrachis sp., Coccinella sp., Rhagonycha sp., Muscidae sp., Chrysomya sp., Nephrotoma sp. and Tabanus sp. Amegilla sp. was found to have the highest intensity visiting the carrot flowers (21.6 ± 10.06)% while the lowest was demonstrated by Polyrachis sp. (12.6 ± 4.12)%. Also, Amegilla sp. was recorded to be the most active insect (11.84 ± 1.46 seconds/flower) with the number of flowers visited was 5,06 ± 1,46 flowers/minute. Polyrachis sp. has been revealed to have the longest stay on the flowers visited (49.24 ± 3.89 seconds/flower) with the number of flowers visited 1.21 ± 3.90 flowers/minute. The diversity of pollinating insect was found to be in intermediate level (H’ = 1.89).
Cabbage are one of the vegetable plants that have extensive planting centers in Karo Regency. Currently almost 100% of farmers still use chemical fertilizers in cabbage cultivation. To keep the soil in good condition, it is very necessary to provide organic fertilizer, both in solid and liquid forms which can keep the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil good. Therefore a study was conducted which aimed to obtain the right type of compost and liquid organic fertilizer to increase cabbage growth and production. The research was carried out at the Berastagi Experimental farm with andisol soil types, altitude of 1,340 m asl. The activity began in July - September 2018. The study used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 replications. The first factor is the type of compost (K0. Comparator = chicken manure), K1. Cow manure + Chicken manure (1:1) fermentation with EM liquid, K2. Cow manure + Chicken manure (1:1) fermentation with solid bran EM, K3. Cow manure + Chicken manure (1:1) fermentation with solid bran EM and kernel and K4. Cow manure + Chicken manure (1:1) enriched with microorganisms). The second factor is the type of Liquid Organic Fertilizer/LOF (O0. Without LOF, O1. LOF Krinyu + kernel, O2. LOF Krinyu + cow urine + seaweed and O3. LOF Comparator). The results showed that the chicken manure compost was able to increase the growth of cabbage plants. Giving chicken manure compost yields the highest weight and cabbage crop 18.42 cm and 1.53 kg, followed by the Cow manure + Chicken manure (1: 1) enriched with microorganisms accompanied by LOF Krinyu + cow urine + seaweed, ie 18 , 38 cm and 1.30 kg. Giving chicken manure compost produced a significantly higher production, which was 6.99 kg.
Carrots are horticultural plants that have high economic value opportunities because every year the demand for carrots both domestically and abroad needs to increase continuously, but not maximum productivity due to the provision of organic fertilizers that are not balanced with chemical fertilizers in the soil. The research objective was to obtain animal manure fertilizer with the best dosage of fertilizer for growth and yield of carrots as an alternative to mixing chicken manure. The study was carried out in the berastagi experimental garden in February to May 2018. The experiment was arranged based on a 2-factor complete randomized trial design namely: the first factor is the type of organic animal waste pesticides consisting of H0 = Control / without treatment, H1 = chicken manure, H2 = cow / cow dung, H3 = horse manure and H4 = goat manure. The second factor is the level / dose used, namely K0 = control, K1 = 500 g / 2 m2, K2 = 1000/2 m2 repeated 3 times. Carrot samples per plot of 200 tubers. The observed variables:) Percentage of living plants (60 days), 2) Number of Compound Leaves, 3) Plant Height, 4) Wet yield weight per plot (kg) and 5) Root tuber length (cm). The results showed that the administration of organic fertilizer from cow manure had a significant effect on all parameters, namely growth percentage, plant height, yield weight and root tuber length. The dose of animal manure organic fertilizer is ideal for growth and production of carrots, which is 500 gr / 2 m2.
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