Aims and Objective:To determine the role of Moringa oleifera on total platelet count alterations (T-PC) in rats treated with cadmium. Materials and Methods: In the present study female adult Wistar Albino rats, (180-200) gm were divided into, Group I-normal control, Group II-pretreated control, group III-cadmium treated , group IV-pre-treated with Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOE) and then administered oral cadmium for a day, with n=6 each RESULTS : Indicate that the pre-treatment with MOE (100 mg/kg/bw) prior to cadmium infusion augmented the level of total platelet count (p≤0.001) as compared to the cadmium-exposed group, which might have a role in clotting mechanisms also. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera extract has a beneficial effect on platelet count in cadmium-induced animal model.
IntroductionCritical care in obstetrics has received much attention in recent times. Despite progress in medical field and improvement in health facilities provided, maternal mortality is still very high in most of the developing countries. A critically ill obstetric patient usually recovers rapidly after delivery resulting in a short length of stay with a reduced number of specific interventions in Intensive care unit (ICU) and a good overall prognosis [1] . These patients may require frequent monitoring of vital signs and/or interventions [2] . Hence, it was contemplated about the possible management of these patients in High Dependency Unit [1] . High dependency Unit (HDU) has been proposed as a more appropriate means of resource utilization for these patients. Aims and ObjectivesTo study the indications for admission, interventions required and the outcome of the women's stay in HDU, in terms of morbidity. Material and MethodsThe present study is a prospective observational study done over a period of one year in tertiary care hospital. Total of 60 cases with high risk pregnancy admitted in HDU, were included in present study after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Indications for admission to HDU, interventions required and outcome were studied. ResultsA study of 60 obstetric patients admitted to HDU in delivery suite was conducted. In present study, the most common indication for admission to HDU was severe preeclampsia, accounting for 21.7% of the admissions. The next common indication was cardiac disease, accounting for 15% of admissions. HELLP accounted for about 13%, PPH for 11% and coagulopathy for 10% of the admissions. In the present study, 33% of patients received about 3-5 blood transfusions and 21% received more than 5 blood transfusions. Majority of the patients (72%) admitted to HDU required oxygen administration and about 70% of the patients received medical intervention in the form of antihypertensives /anticonvulsants / anticoagulants/diuretics and Digoxin. In the present study, majority of the cases (95%) admitted to HDU were transferred out to wards. Only about 5% of them were shifted to I.C.U and all of them required ventilatory support. ConclusionMost of the obstetric complications needing critical care could be managed in HDU with the expert obstetric care. The need for mechanical ventilation became the major indication for maternal ICU admission with an increasing number of patients with haemodynamic instability being managed within the HDU. The antenatal patients also benefit from combined obstetric and critical care management. HDU also provides a multi-disciplinary care from all the specialities and the cost saving is considerable as compared to ICU.
Personal protective equipment/PPE or mask has become a significant matterin the present scenario of COVID 19 pandemic. It is mainly caused by contact or droplet transmission accredited to comparatively big respiratory elements. Airborne transmission may happen if patient's respiratory bustle produce respiratory aerosols. These aerosols areusually comprised of elements that may travel much longer distances and remain airborne longer. Contact, droplet and airborne transmission are each pertinent during airway manoeuvres in infected patients.
Aims:To elucidate whether exploratory behaviour changes following Orexin B infusion in NAc is mediated through catecholamines in male Wistar rats. Methods: Inbred male Wistar rats (n= 24) were divided into three groups. Control, Treated 1 (Orexin B) and Treated 2 (Orexin B antagonist) groups. Using stereotaxic method, guide cannula was set in place bilaterally to reach Nucleus Accumbens. Orexin B and its antagonist, TCS-OX2-29 were infused in separate groups of overnight fasted rats. Following open field activity, catecholamines (Dopamine, Adrenaline, and Noradrenaline) were estimated in brain tissue homogenate by ELISA. Data were expressed as mean±SEM (ANOVA; Student-Newman Keuls test,).p<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Orexin B infusion significantly increased noradrenaline levels in Nucleus accumbens when compared to controls. TCS-OX2-29 significantly decreased noradrenaline in Nucleus accumbens during open field exploration activity. Adrenaline was not altered significantly during open field activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that Orexin B, which plays a role in the regulation of motor and exploratory behaviour when infused in NAc mediates these actions through noradrenergic neurotransmission in Nucleus Accumbens.
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