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Aim:This study was aimed to evaluate the oral health status and knowledge of diabetic and nondiabetic patients attending dental clinic at College of Dentistry, Hail, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study. Using nonprobability convenient sampling technique, data were collected from 202 respondents. A total of 202 diabetic and nondiabetic patients were screened for the study. Data were collected by interview using the structured, self-administered questionnaire, and assessment of oral health status was done by clinical examination. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS software. The data were displayed as numbers and percentages and association among the variable of interests was measured using Pearson Chi-square. Results: Of the 202 patients, 102 (50.6%) were males and 100 (49.4%) were females. Majority of the patients, 71 (35.2%) were in the age-group of 30-40 years. In all, 128 (63.4%) participants knew the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on oral health, 167 (82.7%) knew that diabetic patients needed special healthcare, 152 (75.25%) had never spoken to their doctors about oral health, and 164 (81.19%) had never spoken to their dentists regarding diabetes. Conclusion: The complications associated with oral health are more common in diabetic patients when compared to the nondiabetic patients. This is the case in both male and female patients visiting the College of Dentistry in the Hail region. Clinical significance: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased susceptibility to oral infections especially periodontal disease. Role of a general dentist in diagnosis and raising patient awareness toward DM and its effects on oral health need to be emphasized.

Aim: Teeth maintain the functionality and esthetic of oral cavity, they are also important for psychological and social well-being. This study aims to assess awareness of patients toward replacement of missing teeth. People with unrestored or missing teeth tend to have poor self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life; hence, their knowledge toward restoring and replacing teeth is an important aspect to be measured. Materials and methods:It was an observational study having a cross-sectional design. Face-and content-validated questionnaire was used as study tool. Nonprobability, convenient sampling technique was employed that yielded information from 183 respondents residing in various areas of Hail city. Data were collected after written informed consent. The study was approved by the University of Hail ethical committee.Results: Two hundred questionnaires were distributed, out of which 183 were returned. Regarding knowledge of restoring missing teeth, 145 (79.2%) respondents know that function and esthetic can be maintained by replacing missing teeth. Information about the availability of various types of prosthesis was mostly obtained by them through their dentist (70; 48.3%), while books/magazines/Internet was the second source (38; 26.2%) and 37 (25.5%) heard it from someone who has already undergone the replacement of teeth. Conclusion:The present study indicated that a good number of respondents have the knowledge of teeth replacement, and dentists were the most common source of information to the patients in terms of education about different treatment options.Clinical significance: Evaluate and plan treatment options based on patients' expectations and perceptions.

Aim: The study aims to identify the common causes of performing restoration of teeth in General Dental Practice (GDP). Analyze the common reasons for restoration failure, the material used in the management of restoration repair/replacement in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Objective: This study gave an insight into identifying the reasons for performing dental restorative procedures in general dental practices in Hail, Saudi Arabia. It helped to determine the trends and justification for carrying out therapeutic dental treatments, with a particular emphasis on the treatment modalities, techniques, and materials used for replacement/repair of faulty or failing restorations. Material and method: It was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in Hail, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered face and content validated questionnaire was used as a study tool to analyze the reasons that the general dental practitioners chose to place restorations. This study was done in February 2018. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 191 (response rate: 95.5%) were returned from the clinics of the college of dentistry, private dental clinics and specialist dental center in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. Result: Considering the reason of performing the restorative procedure, replacement of restoration was the most common with a percentage of 95(49.7%) followed by placement of new restoration due to caries represent 78(40.9%) and finally tooth fracture with a total rate of 18 (9.4%). The primary reason for the replacement of restoration reported was restoration fracture 40(42.1%), followed by secondary caries 33(34.7%) and finally aesthetically not acceptable restorations 22(23.2%). Conclusion: The results indicate that, within the parameters of this study, replacement of restoration was the most common reason for the dental procedures. The alarming thing identified by this study was that nearly half of the dental procedures (40.9%) were replacement restoration. Restoration fracture followed by Secondary caries was identified to be the main reason for replacement/ repair of restoration, with practitioners in general practice. Studies of this type give an insight into the prevailing trends and developments in dentistry.

Background: Malocclusion is recognized as one of the most common dental problems affecting the young adults and adolescence globally. Oral functions and facial aesthetics are influenced by the severity of malocclusion and it's of great concern to the individual, their families and health authorities as well. Most of the reported studies for Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are from the eastern, southern and central region. To the best of our knowledge no data is available for the northern region of Hail; therefore the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion among the population of Hail city. Methodology: Descriptive study having a cross sectional study, convenient sample size of 504 Saudi populations between the age group of 13 – 50 years. Informed consent was taken from the participants before conducting the examination, parents’ consent was sought for children. Malocclusion was recorded as described by WHO, oral health Survey, and basic methods. Each subject was examined for the type of malocclusion according to Angle’s classification. Results: Most predominant malocclusion was Angle’s Class I 41.7% in females and 26.2% in males.15.4% males and 23.3% females had excessive overjet (>2mm) compared to 38% males and (24.3%) females who had reduced overjet (2mm) whereas 32.3% males and 20.5% females had reduced overbite (<1 mm), anterior cross bite was reported in 5.6%males and (1.3%) females and open bite in 5.6% males and 5.5 % females. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of malocclusion in Hail region of Saudi Arabia is comparable with that of other regional studies.Most of the study participants exhibited Angles class I occlusal features with normal overjet and overbite.

Aim: The study aims to identify the common causes of performing restoration of teeth in General Dental Practice (GDP). Analyze the common reasons for restoration failure, the material used in the management of restoration repair/replacement in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Objective: This study gave an insight into identifying the reasons for performing dental restorative procedures in general dental practices in Hail, Saudi Arabia. It helped to determine the trends and justification for carrying out therapeutic dental treatments, with a particular emphasis on the treatment modalities, techniques, and materials used for replacement/repair of faulty or failing restorations. Material and method: It was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in Hail, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered face and content validated questionnaire was used as a study tool to analyze the reasons that the general dental practitioners chose to place restorations. This study was done in February 2018. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 191 (response rate: 95.5%) were returned from the clinics of the college of dentistry, private dental clinics and specialist dental center in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. Result: Considering the reason of performing the restorative procedure, replacement of restoration was the most common with a percentage of 95(49.7%) followed by placement of new restoration due to caries represent 78(40.9%) and finally tooth fracture with a total rate of 18 (9.4%). The primary reason for the replacement of restoration reported was restoration fracture 40(42.1%), followed by secondary caries 33(34.7%) and finally aesthetically not acceptable restorations 22(23.2%). Conclusion: The results indicate that, within the parameters of this study, replacement of restoration was the most common reason for the dental procedures. The alarming thing identified by this study was that nearly half of the dental procedures (40.9%) were replacement restoration. Restoration fracture followed by Secondary caries was identified to be the main reason for replacement/ repair of restoration, with practitioners in general practice. Studies of this type give an insight into the prevailing trends and developments in dentistry.