This study was designed to study the effects of stocking density without or with yeast extracts supplementation on productive and reproductive performance, digestive enzymes, blood biochemical parameters, and antioxidant and immune measurements of quail breeders. A total number of 336 Japanese quail birds at 8 weeks old were used. Quails were randomly distributed into 6 groups and 4 replicates maintained / each group in a complete randomized design. The 1 st group contained 36 birds (24 females and 12 males) was stocked at a rate of 9 birds /replicate (control, ND; 36 quails/m 2 ) and fed the basal diet without any supplementation; the 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th groups contained 60 quails (40 females and 20 males) and stoked at a rate of 15 chicks/replicate (HD; 60 quails/m 2 ) and fed on a basal diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg YE /kg diet, respectively. Egg number, egg weight and egg mass were significantly decreased (P<.0001) due to increasing stocking density from ND (9/cage) to HD (15/cage) and fed without dietary YE supplementation. The activity of SOD (p<0.0001), TAC (p<0.0001) and GPX (p=0.0047) was improved with HD plus YE when compared to HD. Digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) activity was decreased with HD when compared to ND. It could be concluded that addition of yeast extract can positively mitigate the stress applied to quail raised under high stoking density by enhancing productive and reproductive performance, lipid profile, antioxidants and immunity as well as egg quality criteria.
Background: Paracetamol is widely used analgesic which was wrongly thought to be entirely harmless by lots of people. Curcumin has many pharmacological uses such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer. The aim of the Work: This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological effects of paracetamol on testicular tissue and how far curcumin can protect testicular tissue from these changes. Material and Methods: Twenty eight adult rats were used in this work. Rats were equally divided into four groups. Group I: the control group was divided into(subgroup a,b given distilled water ,corn oil respectively ),Group II: was given curcumin 50mg\kg body weight, Group III: was given single daily dose of paracetamol 500mg\ kg for five days ,Group IV: pretreated with curcumin 50mg\kg\body weight for 10 days then received single daily dose of paracetamol 500mg\kg in association with curcumin for five days. In the present work, the sperm count, histological and immunohistochemical,biochemical and morphometric studies were evaluated. Results: Paracetamol caused loss of normal architecture of testicular tissue, wide interstitial spaces , loss of stratal arrangement of germinal epithelium with intercellular spacing. Also,reduction in number of +ve vimentin staining Sertoli cells and marked decrease in number and intensity of PCNA positive cells with increased oxidative stress in testicular tissue. Curcumin protected testis against these alterations. Conclusion: Curcumin, is effective in reducing paracetamol testicular toxicity in albino rat, by ameliorating oxidative stress, histopathological and immunhistochemical changes and restoring the normal testicular tissue architecture and function and this can be considered for humans.
Isozyme and RAPD markers were used to characterize 29 barley accessions, which were collected from North Africa. In addition, resistance gene sequences were employed to develop molecular markers using RT-PCR approach. High level of polymorphism was found with both RAPD and isozyme markers, where RAPD showed that 60 % of amplified bands were polymorphic. Peroxidase showed three polymorphic loci (7 allelic bands). Isozymes cluster analysis successfully separated the barley accessions into three geographically distinct groups. RAPD investigation demonstrated that Egyptian accessions were grouped into two obvious groups. Moreover, the Tunisian accessions showed no distinct clustering, while high dissimilarities were revealed by the Algerian accessions. In the RT-PCR, from six primer pairs selected, primer pair AF092524P1P2 successfully amplified two specific amplicons of approximately (340 & 220 bp) and (360 & 270 bp), respectively in two Egyptian barley genotypes (El-Awamah and Awlad-Ali). One primer pair DN988165P1P2 gave only one specific amplicon in both barley genotypes of 250 and 270 bp, respectively. The markers developed could be used in improving barley crop by assisting in breeding selection of resistance genotypes.Key words: RT-PCR; resistance genes; barley; genetic diversity; RAPD IZVLEČEK MOLEKULARNA GENETSKA ANALIZA NEKATERIH SEVERNOAFRIŠKIH GENSKIH VIROV JEČMENA Z izoencimskimi in RAPD markerji je bilo ovrednoteno 29 akcesij ječmena, nabranih v Severni Afriki. Za razvoj molekularnih markerjev na osnovi RT-PCR so bila uporabljena nukleotidna zaporedja genov za odpornost. Ugotovljen je bil velik polimorfizem RAPD in izoencimskih markerjev, kjer je bilo 60 % namnoženih RAPD markerjev polimorfnih. Peroksidaza je pokazala tri polimorfne lokuse (7 alelelov). Z analizo izoencimskih skupin so bile akcesije ječmena uspešno razdeljene v tri razločne geografske skupine. Raziskava RAPD je pokazala, da se egiptovske akcesije razločno povežejo v dve skupini. Tunizijske akcesije niso pokazale razločnega povezovanja, pri alžirskih pa so bile ugotovljene velike razlike. V RT-PCR analizi, je od šestih izbranih začetnih oligonukeltodiov par AF092524P1P2 uspešno namnožil dva specifična amplikona s približno 340 in 220 in 360 in 270 baznih parov pri dveh egiptovskih genotipih ječmena (El-Awamah in Awlad-Ali). Par začetnih oligonukleotidov DN988165P1P2 je pomnožil le en specifični fragment pri obeh genotipih ječmena z 250 in 270 baznimi pari. Razviti markerji se bodo lahko uporabili pri izboru genotipov za izboljšanje ječmena v žlahtnjenju na odpornost.
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