The study aimed to assess conformity with Brazil's standard protocol for diagnostic and therapeutic practices in the management of congenital syphilis by pediatricians in public maternity hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 with 41 pediatricians working in all the public maternity hospitals in Teresina, the capital of Piauí State, Northeast Brazil, through self-completed questionnaires. The study assessed the conformity of knowledge and practices according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health protocols. The study has made evident low access to training courses (54%) and insufficient knowledge of the case definition of congenital syphilis (42%) and rapid tests for syphilis (39%). Flaws were observed in the diagnostic workup and treatment of newborns. Requesting VDRL (88%) and correct treatment of neurosyphilis (88%) were the practices that showed the highest conformity with standard protocols. Low conformity with protocols leads to missed opportunities for identifying and adequately treating congenital syphilis. Based on the barriers identified in the study, better access to diagnostic and treatment protocols, improved recording on prenatal cards and hospital patient charts, availability of tests and medicines, and educational work with pregnant women should be urgently implemented, aiming to reverse the currently inadequate management of congenital syphilis and to curb its spread.
Objective To assess the knowledge and compliance of health professionals regarding the diagnostic and treatment practices for syphilis in patients admitted for childbirth in public maternity hospitals in the city of Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 2015 with obstetricians and nurses working in the public maternity hospitals in Teresina (n ¼ 159) using a selfadministered questionnaire, with 5% of losses and 10% of refusals. The study used 21 evaluation criteria: 13 of them were related to knowledge (5 on serological tests and 8 on treatment adequacy); 8 were related to practices (3 on diagnosis, 4 on treatment, and 1 on post-test counseling). The knowledge of and compliance to the practices was estimated as the proportion of health professionals' answers that were in agreement with Brazilian Ministry of Health protocols. Results The obstetricians were in agreement with two criteria concerning the knowledge of serological tests, one for diagnostic practices, and one for treatment practice. Among nurses, no single match between actual procedures and guidelines was observed. Conclusions Low compliance with the protocols results in missed opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of pregnant and postpartum women and their partners. Strategies for training and integrating the various professional groups, improved data recording on prenatal cards, and greater accountability of the hospital team in managing the women's partners are needed to overcome the barriers identified in the study and to interrupt the syphilis transmission chain.
Introduction: Fournier's Gangrene consists of multi-bacterial rapid progression infection, involving genital, abdominal, and perineal region, promoting affected tissue necrosis. Considered a public health problem, compromises the patient life quality, and has high mortality coefficients.Objective: Analyzing in the literature the therapeutic measures in patients diagnosed with Fournier's Gangrene. Method:Integrative review from productions picked up in LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, PUBMED, and CUMED databases in the period 2005 to 2015. Fournier's Gangrene, Prevalence and Therapy descriptors in English and Portuguese were used. The search amounted to 765 productions, of which 17 were included as a sample for this study. Results:The analysis regarding the publications enabled the construction of two thematic categories: demographic, epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients diagnosed with Fournier's Gangrene and the therapeutic modalities in treating Fournier's Gangrene. It was observed that the disease is prevalent in males, elderly, and people with diabetes mellitus. The treatment is based on antibiotics, surgical debridement, and skin reconstruction for the affected areas. Conclusion:The diagnosis, assessment and multidisciplinary early intervention are essential to ensure proper treatment and life maintenance. 5 Principal author, year, country and journal Delineation, sample and database Results and conclusion Carvalho JP [16]; 2007; Brazil; International Brazilian journal of urology Retrospective, descriptive and quantitative; N= 80; MEDLINE All patients performed scrotum and perineal region debridement. Fournier's Gangrene is a severe pathology that should be treated aggressively with debridement and surgical reconstruction of the involved regions. Omisanjo AO [17]; 2014; Nigeria; Annals of African medicine Retrospective, descriptive and quantitative; N = 11; MEDLINE All patients were male. They were submitted late to hospital environment, however, through aggressive and appropriate treatment, it was possible to minimize morbidity and mortality caused by this injury. Chinchillaa RM [18]; 2009; Spain; Actas urologicas españolas Observational, retrospective, descriptive, quantitative; N=20; PUBMED It was predominant in the masculine gender with 61-year average age. The main predisposing factor was DM, the average time of hospitalization was 25.7 days, and general mortality rate was 10%. Early diagnosis and appropriate multidisciplinary and aggressive intervention are essential for proper recovery. Medina PJ [19]; 2008; Spain; Actas urologicas españolas Retrospective, descriptive and quantitative; N=90; IBECS One noted mortality rate -34.4% -in patients with an average age -63.0 years. Comorbidities found in 51 patients, being the main DM. Patient's age and presence of risk factors have an impact on the disease prognosis. Sámano VL [20]; 2007; Spain; Archivos españoles de urología Transversal, retrospective, and tivo descriptive; N=40; IBECS Patients were 21 and 93-year old, predominantly males (97.5%). The mos...
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16 Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research J o r n a l d e I n v e s t i g a ç ã o B i o m é d i c a e B i o f a r m a c ê u t i c aDevelopment of a strategy to identify the characteristics of babie's rooms associated with volatile organic compounds and with the occurrence of wheezing AbstractThe air quality in residential contexts is still poorly understood. However, it is assumed to be very important in children's health, especially as a contributor to the onset of respiratory disease. Some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been associated with the occurrence of asthma and respiratory disease symptoms. The aim of this study was to develop a questionnaire to identify the characteristics of the rooms where babies (0 to 36 months old) sleep, potentially associated with exposure to volatile organic compounds and with the occurrence of wheezing. The design of the questionnaire involved bibliographic research, selection of (research) articles, definition of appropriate variables and pretesting. As a result, we obtained an instrument comprised of 50 questions, suitable for the analysis of the data sought. This questionnaire also serves as a tool that may be useful in other studies in the scope of indoor air quality.Keywords: Questionnaire, Indoor air quality, VOC, Baby room, Wheezing ResumoA qualidade do ar em contexto residencial ainda é pouco conhecida, no entanto assume-se que é muito importante na saúde das crianças, especialmente enquanto contributo para o aparecimento de doença respiratória. Alguns compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV) têm sido associados à ocorrência de asma e de sintomas de doença respiratória. Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um questionário que permita identificar as características do quarto de bebés (0 aos 36 meses) potencialmente associadas à exposição a compostos orgânicos voláteis e à ocorrência de sibilância. A sua conceção foi sustentada por pesquisa bibliográfica, seleção de artigos, definição de variáveis e realização de pré-testes. Como resultado obteve-se um instrumento constituído por 50 questões ajustadas à aferição dos dados procurados, que pode constituir uma ferramenta aplicável noutros estudos do mesmo âmbito.Palavras-chave: Questionário, Qualidade do ar interior, Compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV), Quarto de bebé, Sibilância.
Associação das características da habitação com episódios de sibilância em bebés até 36 meses: estudo observacional na região do Arco Ribeirinho
No decorrer do dia o corpo humano exerce uma diversidade de funções, porém como toda e qualquer atividade para ser realizada deve haver o gasto de energia, essa energia é proveniente do famoso ATP (adenosina trifosfato), entretanto às vezes ele é insuficiente para nosso organismo, quanto mais atividades nosso corpo faz, mais nosso ATP é consumido, com isso ele precisa ser reposto, assim ele pode ser ressintetizado por fontes subsequentes, uma delas pode é o lactato, a forma ionizada do ácido láctico, que é produzido durante o exercício físico pela glicólise anaeróbica, quando a concentração de oxigênio é insuficiente para sintetizar novamente o ATP que está em falta. Entretanto como tudo na vida, o lactato tem seu lado negativo, estudos mostram que a concentração ideal para o corpo de lactato é de cerca de 2mmol/L, nessa concentração ele é um apoio para o corpo com deficiência de energia e falta de oxigênio, acumulado acima dessa concentração pode causar problemas como falência hepática e hipoxemia, por isso apesar de ele ser bom para geração de energia, ele deve ser controlado.Palavras-Chave: ATP (adenosina trifosfato), consumido, exercício físico, ressintetizado, lactato, energia.
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