A novel extremely halophilic archaeon was isolated from Ezzemoul sabkha, Algeria. The strain, designated 5.1 T , was neutrophilic, motile and Gram-negative. At least 15 % (w/v) NaCl was required for growth. The isolate grew at pH 6?5-9?0, with optimum growth at pH 7?0-7?5. Mg 2+ was required for growth. Polar lipids were C 20 C 20 derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, and phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and sulfated diglycosyl diether. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 5.1 T was 61?9 mol% (T m ). Phylogenetic analysis based on comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 5.1 T clustered with Halorubrum species. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 5.1 T from other Halorubrum species. The name Halorubrum ezzemoulense sp. nov. (type strain 5.1 T =CECT 7099 T =DSM 17463 T ) is proposed.
This study of bilingual competence, linguistic attitudes, and language choice among secondary students in Valencia explores the effects of linguistic normalization since the removal of Franco's repressive measures against the Valencian language variety. The introduction of Valencian into the educational system and other measures have substantially reversed the decline of levels of competence and expanded its domains of usage but have only marginally decreased the dominance of Castilian. A survey of attitudes toward Valencian, Catalan (Barcelona variety) and Castilian reveals two distinct groups of patterns. One ascribes status and integrative value chiefly to Castilian, the other to Valencian and Catalan. Identifying the students manifesting the variants of these patterns according to socio-demographic, ideological, and behavioral factors shows how the current political dynamic between progressive nationalist forces and anti-Catalanist, Castilian-speaking forces is reflected in ongoing attitudinal divergence. (Linguistic attitudes, language choice, linguistic normalization, Valencian, Catalan)* I N T R O D U C T I O N Attempts to undo the effects of 40 years (since 1939) of linguistic suppression under Francisco Franco, in those parts of Spain where languages other than Castilian are traditional, have had mixed results. The case of Valencia-one of the six out of seventeen "autonomous communities" constituting the Spanish state 1 to have its own official language-is particularly complex. The economic, political, and demographic forces that favor either Castilian or Valencian are crosscut by influences from the highly successful restoration of Catalan in all domains in
Maternal group B streptococcal infection is an uncommon entity. Herein we describe a case of a 27-year-old-woman who presented life-threateniing group B streptococcus meningitis with an ectopic cervical pregnancy. No other infectious focus have been found. To our knowledge this is the first time that this association has been reported.
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