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This study examines tacit knowledge spillovers among lodging firms within a tourism destination and how these tacit knowledge spillovers may result in destination transformation. Longitudinal data for this study were collected through in-depth interviews with lodging firms' managers and operators in a destination located in the south China.Findings suggested that locals are likely to follow the examples of successful pioneering businesses. They will learn from those examples and copy their business model. Tacit knowledge spillover in a region over an extended time period will result in successful development of tourism if it is managed carefully. Local government policies are likely to play a central role in tacit knowledge spillover. Effective interventions of the government have encouraged and facilitated tacit knowledge spillover through establishing knowledge transfer mechanisms in the community.

Knowledge sharing is a key factor that influences the organizational learning, service innovation and competitive advantage of tourism enterprises. Despite the fruitful research achievements in knowledge sharing since the 1990s, there is no appropriate framework to effectively summarize existing research literature due to the complexity of the tourism knowledge system. This article, based on the research path of knowledge sharing, summarizes the knowledge sharing research literature in tourism industry according to the framework of "organizational learning-service innovation-competitive advantage", and analyzes the research results of the relationship between knowledge sharing and organizational learning, knowledge sharing and service innovation as well as knowledge sharing and competitive advantage. On this basis, this article further analyzes the role and function of knowledge sharing in the closed loop of "organizational learning-service innovation-competitive advantage", with the aim of providing reference for knowledge sharing research in tourism.

Purpose This paper aims to explore the psychological process by which front-line employees (FLEs) in hospitality firms make decisions on hiding knowledge. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was used, with triangulated data collection from six different types of hospitality firms. By using the thematic analysis approach, a conceptual framework consisting of seven main themes was constructed to reflect the replicable logic of an individual’s knowledge exchange decision-making in various situations. Findings This study proposes a theoretical framework describing how hotel employees evaluate the cost and benefit of knowledge exchange implicitly. Using this framework, this paper illustrates the strategies that FLEs use to make a bounded-rational decision on knowledge exchange in situations characterized by time constraints and limited information. Practical implications Hotel managers can use the psychological process presented in this paper to better understand how FLEs make knowledge-hiding decisions in the workplace. Furthermore, specific measures are suggested to reduce FLEs’ knowledge-hiding behaviors in each stage of their knowledge exchange decision process. Originality/value This paper uncovers the psychological process of individuals’ decision-making regarding hiding knowledge from others in the hotel context, thus increasing the understanding of the rationale of FLEs’ knowledge hiding behaviors from the perspective of bounded-rational decision theory.

The study aimed at finding the use of e-resources by the post graduate students and research scholars of Faculty of Arts in the Annamalai University. A questionnaire was distributed among the Research scholars and Post-Graduate Students to collect desired data. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to the selected sample of Faculty of Arts; 180 valid samples were collected. The study found that the majority of users are aware about the availability of e-resources. The result reveals that 47.78 % of respondents want to access only electronic version whereas only 32.78% users want to read the printed journals but 19.44% respondents want to use both electronic and printed version. Majority of the respondents 76.66% use e-resources for writing papers. The analysis reveals that many of the respondents search e-resources through linking facility available on the library website

DNA, as an excellent nano-engineering material, contributes to a new computing model, namely, DNA computing. This model is a type of biological computing, which takes advantage of the high density and high parallelism of molecules. One of the current methods of implementing DNA computing is to construct DNA circuits, among which the toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement technique is an important method. The hybridization of toehold domains provides the start position and accelerates the branch migration process. Toehold-based DNA combinatorial displacement is a practical method for designing and implementing DNA circuits. In this paper, we designed and simulated a multiplexer using the DNA combinatorial displacement mechanism to verify its practicability. Additionally, we improved and optimized the existing logic INHIBIT gate by leveraging the DNA combinatorial displacement mechanism so that the DNA strands in the entire chemical reaction network (CRN) system are capable of coexisting in large quantities. Moreover, we applied this improvement to the demultiplexer. Our method provides more capabilities to larger and more complicated DNA integrated circuits. INDEX TERMS Combinatorial strand displacement, logic gate, CRN, DNA computing.

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