To ascertain the degree and causes of visual disability, clinical and demographic data of UDID card applicants at RIO MOH Karnataka South India.It is a cross-sectional observation study, data collected from the UDID PORTAL where applicants applied between July 2019 to March 2020. Totally 551 applicants details were collected. Degree of visual disability and its causes, demographic details like age, gender, education, marital and employment status, annual income along with that other clinical details were ascertained. Among the 551 applications, 368 were men and 183 were women highlighting a significant gender bias. Almost 2/3 of applications were in the age group 20 to 50. 60% of applicants were married. 95% of applicants were in the blind category while only 4.3% were certified as having low vision. 47% of applicants were BPL Card holders and were dependent on the family member for livelihood. 47% of the applicants had completed basic education (10 std/SSLC). Retinitis pigmentosa was the top cause of blindness. Retinal pathologies constitute the leading cause among them majority had Retinitis pigmentosa. Genetic counseling plays a significant proactive role in the prevention of the disease. Creating awareness among employers to provide adequate protective equipment could help in reducing the disease burden of phthisis bulbi. Government and NGOs should prepare appropriate plans and implement them to rehabilitate individuals with visual disabilities. There is a need to create better awareness about the benefits of UDID CARDS in the community in general and among people with blindness and low vision in particular.
Ophthalmomyiasis is the infestation of the eye with fly larva. It is commonly found in unhygienic areas and poor socioeconomic conditions. Internal Ophthalmomyiasis can be vision threatening leading to blindness, therefore early diagnosis and prompt treatment is required. We present a case of a 21year old male patient who presented with pain, redness and foreign body of left eye. Larva was observed on slit lamp examination. On ex-tracting them and examining, it was found to be Oestrus Ovis. The patient was treated with lubricating drops, mild topical steroid, topical antibiotics and topical betadine drops. The patient responded well to the treatment. Keywords : ophthalmomyiasis, oestrus ovis, sheep nasal botfly
The study is conducted to determine the functional and structural differences between NTG and POAG, to assess the rate of conversion of NTG into POAG and its early intervention. It is a hospital based prospective, cross-sectional study of 56 NTG and 56 POAG patients. History was taken and comprehensive ophthalmic examination with glaucoma work up was done.Majority of the patients belonged to the age group between 51 and 60 years i.e. 48.2% in NTG and 62.5% in POAG. Majority of the NTG patients i.e. 33 (58.9%) were females while 41(73.2%) were males in POAG. 40% of NTG patients had systemic association like bronchial asthma, diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and migraine. There was no significant difference in CDR between two groups. Inferior & temporal neuroretinal rim thinning was more common in NTG. While bipolar thinning & superior rim thinning was more common in POAG. There is significantly more thinning of RNFL in POAG than NTG. The mean deviation (MD) & pattern standard deviation (PSD) in visual fields between NTG & POAG showed no significant difference. Whereas the field loss was near centre of fixation in NTG group compared to POAG which was diffuse. These differences between NTG and POAG suggest that the pathogenesis of NTG includes IOP and IOP independent risk factors, while IOP is the main risk factor in POAG. The parameters assessed determine the risk and progression of NTG to POAG.
BACKGROUND Cataract is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world. Accurate biometry is an essential component in determining the visual outcome after cataract surgery. With the introduction of newer instruments, various studies have been conducted regarding the accuracy of axial length and IOL power measurements. The aim of our study is to compare axial length (AXL) and IOL power values in A-scan biometry versus IOL master. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 100 eyes in 100 patients presenting to clinical practice for cataract surgery with no retinal pathology in a tertiary eye care centre. Keratometry values were obtained from Auto ref-keratometer and the values were kept constant for both methods. Axial length was measured with Biomedix applanation ultrasound A-scan biometry and the Zeiss-700 IOL-Master. IOL power was calculated using SRK/T formula from the obtained values. Both values were compared between A-scan biometry and IOL-master. RESULTS Out of 100 patients, 67 were females and 33 were males. Mean age of the patients was 62.74 ± 7.92. The mean K1 and K2 were 44.30D and 44.90D respectively. The mean AXL measured by A-scan was 23.34 ± 0.72 mm and that with IOL master was 23.20 ± 0.65 mm. There was no statistically significant difference between two methods (p=0.1). The mean IOL power was 20.15 ± 4.84D with Ascan versus 20.85 ± 4.75D with IOL-master and the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant (p=0.2). CONCLUSIONS There is no significant difference in axial length and IOL power values when measured in A-scan biometry and IOL master. Both methods give accurate results and can be chosen accordingly.
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