In this study, electrospun cellulose acetate - poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibrous membrane was found to be unique in immobilizing bacterial cells. Here, removal of methylene blue in aqueous media was achieved by using isolated species of bacteria (Bacillus paramycoides) from industrial wastewater and immobilized on cellulose acetate- poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers using DMSO as a solvent. The decolorization time was varied from 0 to 72 h, different dye concentrations from 20 to 200 mg/L and bacterial cells count was investigated to achieve the maximum MB removal by bacteria-immobilized CA/PEO nanofibrous membrane. The effective dye decolorization was achieved within 48 h and MB removal % was around 93%. Furthermore, reusability of the bacteria-immobilized CA/PEO nanofibrous membrane was tested. It was found that after the 4th usage, 44% of the dye decolorization capacity still could be achieved. These results are promising and suggest that bacteria-immobilized CA/PEO nanofibrous membrane could be economically feasible and eco-friendly when used in MB removal from industrial wastewater. Combination of both adsorption and biodegradation methods was found to be effective in MB removal from aqueous media.

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Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active constituent in Nigella sativa, and is extensively reported for its distinguished antioxidant, and anti-in ammatory bioactivities. Despite the local protective response of the acute in ammation, it contributes to the development of various disease conditions such as cell death, organ damage, or genesis of tumors. Hence, in this study, the effects of orally administered TQ (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 14 days against edema development, oxidative stress, and in ammation were investigated in paw edema induced by carrageenan in mice. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug. The results revealed that TQ reduced the paw edema volume in a time-dependent manner, attenuated acetic acid-provoked writhing movements, and reduced xylene-triggered ear edema.Hematological ndings revealed marked normalization of altered counts of WBCs, and platelets. Furthermore, paw tissue levels of MDA and NO showed marked decreases together with increases Nrf2, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR after TQ administration. Additionally, TQ decreased the levels of proin ammatory mediators, such as IL-1b, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, CRP, MPO, and NF-κB in the in amed paw tissue. Moreover, appreciable decreases were recorded in COX-2 and its product (PGE-2) as well as the immune reaction of TNF-α in TQ-treated mice. Histopathological ndings further validated the potential antioedematous, anti-in ammatory power of TQ in in amed tissues. Conclusively, the obtained ndings encourage the potent application of TQ to subside the acute in ammatory events because of its striking antioxidant and anti-in ammatory properties in the in amed paw tissue.

A biotic stress due to sodium azidemay inhibit bacterial growth, but also can induce some physiological reactions and some fatty acids production. Escherichia coli is Gram-negative bacteria carries Acetyl-CoA gene which is translated into Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) “a biotin-dependent enzyme” that catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA. This compound is the first step in fatty acid production. Different concentrations of sodium azide mutagen were applied to E. coli to estimate the variation in Acetyl-CoA gene sequence comparing to control. The sequencing results were subjected to TCOFFEE tool in Jalview software to assess the multiple sequence alignment. As a measure for gene variation due to mutation treatment, we estimated the fatty acids produced from the mutant bacterial strains comparing to control. The GC-MS profile of the fatty acids concluded that both control and 250 µg/ml mutant bacteria showed the highest concentrations of some fatty acids, where 125 µg/ml mutant bacteria showed complete inhibition in fatty acid production. Besides, RAPD-PCR molecular marker was performed to estimate the general genetic variation in the mutant E. coli comparing to control. Sodium azide treatment resulted in a total polymorphism percentage of 77.97%. This percent explained the high genetic variation in the total genome content of azide-mutant E. coli comparing to control. The net results from this work that in a certain concentration of sodium azide treatment (250 µg/ml), the production of some essential fatty acids increased.