Different morphologies of zinc oxide (ZnO) can be obtained through various synthesizing methods, such as that of the water bath. By synthesizing under various conditions, different ZnO morphologies can be seen as the result of the water bath method. Replacing ZnO nanoparticles with vertically aligned ZnO nanorods results in a much higher energy conversion efficiency. Yet vertically aligned nanorods can only be grown through difficult and expensive methods. Several researchers have studied the growth of one-dimensional (1D) nanorods on homogeneous film with various growth conditions. However, there has been little in the way of research on ZnO nanorods grown on ZnO seed layers using the water bath method. In this research, vertically aligned nanorods with an optimum size ratio were formed through a simple water bath method. This method reveals that the ZnO nanorods are well aligned and grown with a high density and uniformity on the substrate. Their X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the nanorods are grow in the [001] direction. The density, diameter, and length of the ZnO nanorods can be altered by changing the growing condition. All of the samples were characterized using a scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and micro Raman spectroscopy. To investigate crystal growth, zinc nitrate and zinc acetate were used when preparing the solution. The results demonstrate that the morphology and alignment of ZnO nanorods are determined by the precursor's type and deposition time.
Kim et al. suggest that replacing ZnO particle with ZnO vertically aligned nanorods shows much higher energy conversion efficiency [1]. The difference between nanoparticles and nanorods can be seen on figure 1. Yet, vertically aligned nanorods can be grown through the difficult and expensive methods. Pomar et al. reported the growing through atomic layer deposition (ALD) method [2]. Jeong et al. grew the vertically aligned nanorods using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method with really high temperature (700-900oC) [3]. When the nanorods are applied for DSSCs, synthesizing really fine nanorods is not necessary. Lee et al. managed to grow nanorods on the seed layer for DSSC application which was post-annealed at 500-600oC [4]. Hu et al. reported vertically aligned nanorods using low temperature chemical bath method, but the deposition time is between 3 hours and 6 days [5].
This paper reports the effect of TiCl 4 on the performance of ZnO based DSC. ZnO was used due to its stability against photo-corrosion and photochemical properties similar to TiO 2 . Thin films of nanocrystalline ZnO were deposited on transparent conducting oxide glass using spray method. The ZnO films were treated using TiCl 4 . The cell's efficiency was found to be 2.5% with TiCl 4 post-treatment and 1.9% without TiCl 4 post-treatment. AbstrakPeningkatan Kinerja DSC Berbasis ZnO yang Dihasilkan dengan Metode Semprot. Makalah ini membahas efek TiCl 4 pada kinerja DSC berbasis ZnO. ZnO dimanfaatkan karena stabilitasnya ketika berhadapan dengan korosi-cahaya (photo-corrosion) dan elemen-elemen fotokimiawi yang serupa dengan TiO 2 . Saput-saput tipis ZnO nanokristalin ditumpuk pada kaca oksida-konduksi transparan menggunakan metode semprot. Saput-saput ZnO itu diproses dengan TiCl 4 . Terbukti bahwa sel-sel itu memiliki efisiensi sebesar 2,5% dengan proses akhir TiCl 4 dan 1,9% tanpa proses akhir TiCl 4 .
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