This study investigates an advanced finite-element (FE) technique for the evaluation of rotational iron losses based on a time-domain computation, where the bulk conductivity of the core materials is considered. The iron-loss characteristics are discussed for a radial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) for a wind generation application, with closed slots and outer rotor topology. The following factors are taken into account: (i) a real-time rotational iron-loss computation; (ii) the bulk conductivity of the steel laminations; and (iii) the influence of the controller harmonics on the system during transient conditions. The magnetic induction vector locus of each iron component is also discussed, where the magnetic induction is numerically modelled [three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA)], computed using multiple magnetic antennae and is also experimentally verified. This comparative study shows a torque-frequency-loss computation that is presented from low to high frequencies (50-800) Hz. The FE model of the total iron losses for the PMSM using both pure sinusoidal and proportionalintegral pulse-width modulation currents is studied and experimentally verified on a surface-mounted PMSM. The proposed method of iron losses prediction significantly reduced the rate of error between 3D FEA and experimental data to 1.7%.

During field weakening operation time (FWOT), the total iron loss rises and affects the accuracy of loss prediction and efficiency, especially if a large range of FWOT exists due to a large voltage drop that was rooted from the resistance of the used material. Iron loss prediction is widely employed in investigations for a fast electrical machine analysis using 2D finite element analysis (FEA). This paper proposes harmonic loss analytically by a steady-state equivalent circuit with a novel procedure. Consideration of skin effects and iron saturation are utilized in order to examine the accuracy through the relative error distribution in the frequency domain of each model from 50 to 700 Hz. Additionally, this comparative study presents a torque-frequency-field density calculation over each single term of the modified institute of electrical machines formula (IEM-Formula). The proposed analytical calculation is performed using 2D FEA for a classic and modified IEM-Formula along with experimental verifications on a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for a wind generation application.

This study investigates the influence of the buried magnet arrangement on the efficiency and drivability performance provided by an on-board interior permanent magnet synchronous machine for a four-wheel-drive electric car with two single-speed on-board powertrains. The relevant motor characteristics, including flux-linkage, inductance, electromagnetic torque, iron loss, total loss, and efficiency, are analyzed for a set of six permanent magnet configurations suitable for the specific machine, which is controlled through maximum-torque-per-ampere and maximum-torque-per-voltage strategies. Moreover, the impact of each magnet arrangement is analyzed in connection with the energy consumption along four driving cycles, as well as the longitudinal acceleration and gradeability performance of the considered vehicle. The simulation results identify the most promising rotor solutions, and show that: (i) the appropriate selection of the rotor configuration is especially important for the driving cycles with substantial high-speed sections; (ii) the magnet arrangement has a major impact on the maximum motor torque below the base speed, and thus on the longitudinal acceleration and gradeability performance; and (iii) the configurations that excel in energy efficiency are among the worst in terms of drivability, and vice versa, i.e., at the vehicle level, the rotor arrangement selection is a trade-off between energy efficiency and longitudinal vehicle dynamics.

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During field weakening operation time (FWOT), the total iron loss rises and affects the 11 accuracy of loss prediction and efficiency especially if a large range of FWOT exists due to a large 12 voltage drop which rooted from the resistance of the used material. Iron loss prediction is widely 13 employed in investigations for a fast electrical machine analysis using 2-D FEA. This paper proposes 14 harmonic loss analytically by a steady-state equivalent circuit with a novel procedure. 15Consideration of skin effects and iron saturation are utilized in order to examine the accuracy 16 through the relative error distribution in the frequency domain of each model from 50 to 700 Hz. 17Additionally, this comparative study presents a torque-frequency-field density calculation over 18 each single term of the modified IEM-formula. The proposed analytical calculation is performed 19 using 2-D FEA for a classic and modified IEM-formula along with experimental verifications on a 20 surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for a wind generation 21 application. 22

This paper presents study of a multi-slice subdomain model (MS-SDM) for persistent low-frequency sound, in a wheel hub-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (WHM-PMSM) with a fractional-slot non-overlapping concentrated winding for a light-duty, fully electric vehicle applications. While this type of winding provides numerous potential benefits, it has also the largest magnetomotive force (MMF) distortion factor, which leads to the electro-vibro-acoustics production, unless additional machine design considerations are carried out. To minimize the magnetic noise level radiated by the PMSM, a skewing technique is targeted with consideration of the natural frequencies under a variable-speed-range analysis. To ensure the impact of the minimization technique used, magnetic force harmonics, along with acoustic sonograms, is computed by MS-SDM and verified by 3D finite element analysis. On the basis of the studied models, we derived and experimentally verified the optimized model with 5 dBA reduction in A-weighted sound power level by due to the choice of skew angle. In addition, we investigated whether or not the skewing slice number can be of importance on the vibro-acoustic objectives in the studied WHM-PMSM.

A "Renewable Energy Course" has been offered for several years at the Technical Engineering School of Barcelona (EUETIB). This paper reports on our experience as teachers of the "Renewable Energy Course". The course program and its methodology are also described.The main objectives of the course "Renewable Energy " are to allow engineering students to learn fundamentals and essentials on Renewable Energy, the present situation on Renewable Energy in Catalonia and what kinds of renewable energy are basically used in Barcelona. Due to "Ordenança Municipal de Medi Ambient Urbà" we decided pay attention especially on Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (SDHWS).The aim of our paper is to share our experience on:-What kind of knowledge we considered the most reasonable for a course on renewable energy. -What kind of methodology we used during the course.