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Cognitive radio is a ground-breaking software-defined radio paradigm that offers Dynamic spectrum access, allowing secondary users to use the frequency band allotted to the principal user when it is not in use and vacate when the prime application returns. The ability to sense the spectrum is critical to cognitive radio's efficiency. Energy detection sensing is the simplest and most often used spectrum sensing approach, owing to its ease of implementation in cognitive radio applications. The three-energy detection-based algorithms adopted for different scenarios have been compared in this study. The algorithms include the double-threshold energy detection, adaptive single threshold energy detection, and the adaptive double threshold spectrum sensing algorithm. Since the noise prediction in the practical situation is difficult, the necessity is to find the best algorithm in this condition. The other equally important parameters for efficiently sensing the spectrum are spectrum efficiency and less interference to the primary user. Simulation findings show that the adaptive double threshold approach outperforms the other two algorithms in all respect. The detection probability of the method is typically found to be substantially greater as compared to other two techniques. In addition, the likelihood of a false alarm is significantly reduced. Furthermore, when the signal-to-noise ratio value is low, often below -5dB, the performance of this approach is poor. MATLAB is used to run all of the simulations.

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