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KEYWORDS Brucellosis Equine B. abortus Poll evil Fistulous withers LAMP ABSTRACTBrucellosis is one of the major zoonotic diseases that affect several domestic animals, wild animals and also marine mammals. Though there is no specific Brucella sp. that can affect horses, B. abortus and B. suis can affect horses naturally and B. canis experimental infection has also been reported in equines. Brucellosis in equines is characterized by two conditions namely Poll evil and fistulous withers. Organism has its predilection for joints, ligaments and tendons in case of equines and causes inflammatory conditions leading to formation of fistula. Equine brucellosis has been documented from several parts of the world and prevalence has been reported time to time mostly based on serological diagnosis. Diagnosis of brucellosis mainly depends on serological methods though isolation of the organism is the gold standard. Due to hazardous nature of the pathogen, tests like Rose Bengal plate agglutination test, Standard tube agglutination test and other serological assays are commonly employed. Isothermal amplification assay like LAMP are gaining momentum these years due to swiftness in diagnosis of the pathogen. LAMP with high specificity and sensitivity for detection of Brucella spp. and also B. abortus has been developed in the recent years. Prevention and control of brucellosis is of utmost important to halt the spread of the organism to other animals and human. Trauma is a major reason for predisposition of poll evil and fistulous withers hence proper fitting of saddle will help to prevent the disease. Housing and feeding the horses separately can prevent spread of disease from cattle. The present review discusses equine brucellosis, its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs along with appropriate prevention and control strategies to be adapted.

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Indian poultry industry is moving with rapid strides in the global market but disease outbreaks cause a major setback to this huge industry. Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) caused by Mycoplasma gallispeticum (MG) is one among the important poultry disease affecting the growth of the industry. This current communication presents the outbreak of CRD among native chicken breeds in an organized farm of India. Post mortem investigation was carried out in the farm as mortality was reported to be 5% and morbidity was 50%. Samples namely trachea, lung, air sac and infra orbital sinus were collected for identifying the causative agent and were subjected to bacteriological and virological detection tests. Samples were found positive for MG by conventional bacteriological method while other bacteriological and virological agents were found negative. Isolates on further characterization using Mycoplasma specific PCR and MG specific PCR revealed that the isolates belong to MG and proved the involvement of the bacterium in causing the disease. Histopathology of the samples also showed the presence of necrotic material and infiltration of lymphocytes. Based on gross pathology, histopathology, isolation and molecular characterization showed that the disease was CRD caused by MG. Thus this reports warrants need for further insights into the clear picture on the status of CRD among native chicken breeds of India so as to carve out a better prevention measure.