The role of the concomitant intake of zinc, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the glycemic control of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been extensively discussed. We evaluated the relationship between the dietary intake of these micronutrients and glycemic markers in 95 individuals with T2DM (mean age 48.6 ± 8.4 years). Hierarchical grouping analysis was used to divide the individuals into two clusters according to their micronutrient intake, and differences between clusters were statistically assessed. Effects of individual and combination intake of micronutrients on glycated hemoglobin percentage (%HbA1c) were assessed using multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis. We observed a high likelihood of inadequate intake of the four micronutrients. The group with lower micronutrient intake (cluster 1) displayed higher %HbA1c (p = 0.006) and triglyceride (p = 0.010) levels. High %HbA1c showed an association with cluster 1 (odds ratio (OR) = 3.041, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.131; 8.175) and time of T2DM diagnosis (OR = 1.155, 95% CI = 1.043; 1.278). Potassium (β = −0.001, p = 0.017) and magnesium (β = −0.007, p = 0.015) intakes were inversely associated with %HbA1c. Reduced concomitant intake of the four micronutrients studied proved to be associated with risk of increased %HbA1c in individuals with T2DM, which was particularly predicted by magnesium and potassium intakes.
Several studies have suggested a favorable role for vitamin D in glycaemic metabolism and its potential as adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review discusses the role of vitamin D in the glycaemic control of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and evaluates the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycaemic markers in this population. Literature searches were performed in the BIREME, LILACS, and PubMed databases using the Medical Subject Headings and words related to vitamin D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and glycaemic control. Interventional and observational studies were considered eligible. The evaluation of the included studies was independently performed by 2 evaluators at all stages of selection, data extraction, and bias risk assessment. The primary outcome was the relationship between vitamin D levels and glucose metabolism markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals. The secondary outcome was the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycaemic control markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The inverse relationship between vitamin D and variables of glucose metabolism was verified. Interventional studies revealed that vitamin D supplementation did not alter glycaemic control markers in most studies. Few studies have shown positive effects with a significant reduction in the percentage of glycated haemoglobin, insulin, and glucose concentrations, and changes in homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance and beta cell, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. Therefore, despite the association of vitamin D with glucose metabolism, there is insufficient evidence of the beneficial effects of its supplementation on the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objetivo: Avaliar a relação do estado nutricional com a evolução clínica de úlcera por pressão em pacientes em uso de Terapia Nutricional Enteral internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal, realizado com pacientes com úlcera por pressão internados em hospital público do estado de Sergipe. O estado nutricional (antropometria, biomarcadores e ingestão dietética) foi avaliado na admissão do paciente na pesquisa (T0) e após uma semana de acompanhamento (T1). Resultados: Um total de 26 pacientes foi avaliado (58% do sexo masculino). A média de idade foi 54,6 anos. Doença neurológica correspondeu a 46% das causas de internação. Conforme o Índice de Massa Corporal, 47% dos adultos e 56% dos idosos apresentavam sobrepeso, enquanto 10% dos idosos e 33% dos adultos apresentaram desnutrição. A Circunferência da Panturrilha mostrou que 56% dos idosos apresentaram desnutrição no T0 e 33% no T1. Foi observada redução nos valores médios de albumina sérica no T1. A presença isolada da UPP na região sacral foi de 85%. Considerando o estágio prévio da UPP, no T1 observou-se que 54% dos pacientes mantiveram-se estáveis, enquanto 42% apresentaram piora e houve melhora do estágio IV para o III em apenas um paciente. A dieta ofertada era hiperproteica e sua composição não diferiu nos dois tempos. A avaliação da adequação da dieta mostrou que 61% dos pacientes não atingiram as necessidades energéticas no T0 e 58% no T1. Conclusão: Não foram observadas melhoras nos parâmetros bioquímicos e cicatrização dos pacientes com UPP internados em UTI em TNE.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.