Effect of replacement of fish meal protein with boiled full fat soybean seeds and dried algae on growth performance, nutrient utilization and some blood parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)ABSTRACT ixture of boiled full fat soybean seeds and dried algae (Dunaliella spp.) at mixing level of 1:1 was tested to replace fish meal protein at 50% (soybean); 50% mixture ; 75% mixture ; 100% mixture and 100% soybean, on Nile tilapia fry of initial weight 1.2 ± 0.05 g. Results obtained are summarized as follows : 1-Incorporation of the mixture of soybean seeds with dried algae in diets of Nile tilapia fry at 50 and 75% levels released no significant effects on final weight average weight gain, daily gain and survival rates, compared to the control groups, while the same parameters were decreased significantly in the other treatment groups. 2-Replacing fish meal protein with the mixture of soybean seeds plus dried algae (1:1) at 50% level had insignificant effects on feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios compared to the control groups, while the same parameters were negatively affected in the other group.
n experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two forms of dehydrated natural antioxidants rhizomes extracts ginger (Zingiber officinale) on growth performance feed utilization and hematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Four treatments were applied, two forms of ginger (powder and oil extract), and their mixtures (1:1) of each form, in addition to control group were fed basal diets without supplements of herbs. The experiment was conducted using cement ponds divided into four equal compartments each was stocked with 40 fingerlings oF Nile tilapia with an average initial body weight of 17.1 ± 1.2 g, and body length 10.0 ± 0.7 cm. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. Generally, growth performance, feed utilization ratios were improved for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), fed on diets with the two forms of the feed supplements compared to fish fed on the control diet All growth parameters in all supplemented groups increased significantly (P<0.05) as compared to the control group, especially for the fish fed on the mixture, with the highest survival rate. Incorporation of ginger extract improved the antioxidant attributes and reduced quality degradation of test diets during storage at ambient conditions. In terms of liver and blood measurements, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, these parameters decreased significantly (P<0.05) for fish fed on all treated groups with ginger. Plasma total protein, albumin and globulins of fish fed on the experimental diets significantly increased (P<0.05) for those fed on the ginger, while blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol values were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the same treated groups as compared to the control one. These results revealed that the feeding with a mixture of ginger (powder and oil extract), can promote growth rate, decrease mortality rate and improve the physiological activities in reared fish, and can be potentially used as good sources of antioxidants.
Africa production of tilapia aquaculture accounted 1.2 MT (FAO, 2017), last 10 years Tilapia species represented about 67% of total cultured species in 2014 (Soliman & Yacout, 2016; Shaalan, et al., 2018). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) and the red tilapia are the common cultured tilapia species (Sadek, 2011; Shaalan, et al., 2018). The Nile tilapia is widely distributed in Africa and many of other parts of the world, Tilapia attributed to several factors, including high fecundity and rapid growth rates (Trewaves, 1983; El-Shabrawy & Dumont, 2003) ARTICLE INFO
The Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, is a native species in China and Eastern Siberia, and has been internationally distributed all over the world. It is not only utilized as human food, but also appreciated by its ability to clean water reservoirs from clogging algae (FAO, 2005). Use of feed additives in aquaculture has received a considerable attention in recent years. Microalgae have a broad spectrum of nutritious compounds including proteins, vitamins, essential amino and fatty acids, minerals, and pigments (Becker, 2007). Feeding behavior studies have shown that many fish, including carnivorous fish, ingest algae as a food source. Thus, the use of algae as a feed additive might help in effective utilization of artificial diets in cultured fish (Mustafa & Nakagawa, 1995). Adding small amounts of micro algae into fish feeds improved growth rate, feed efficiency, body composition and disease resistance (Nakagawa et al., 1993).Among microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris is widely distributed in nature, especially in freshwater bodies. Chlorella vulgaris can survive by photo-autotrophy as well as heterotrophy utilizing external carbon source. Hence, Chlorella vulgaris is easily cultured
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T wo experiments were performed in order to evaluate two feed stuffs, namely fermented fish silage (FFS) and boiled full-fat soybeans (BFS) as alternative protein sources for fish meal (FM) or fish meal replacers in Nile tilapia feeds. Both FFS and BFS performed well up to 50% substitution of FM without a significant loss in performance reared fish. These results also indicated that FFS is a promising feed ingredients for substituting fish meal at 25-50% dietary protein in Nile tilapia diets. When different levels of boiled full-fat soybeans (BFS) were tested in the next experiment, similar results were obtained. Among this tested levels, substitution of fish meal with 25% dietary BFS was possible without any significant reduction in performance parameters The utilization of FFS or BFS as the only dietary protein source (100%) significantly reduced growth performance of the tested fish. 138 Elham A. Wassef et al easily used, in the developing countries such as Egypt, to produce fish ^lage, another form of fish meal (Wassef, 1991),that reduces the Impendence of imported fish meal for fish feeds. Nile tilapia (O mh(icns) is the most important fish cultured in Egypt. Intensive culture of this species has expanded in recent years, however the potential of using different feed stuffs in practical diets of tilapia is needed. The protein sources namely, fermented fish silage and boiled full-fat soybeans as substitutes for fish meal in Nile tilapia diets are tested to determine the optimum inclusion level-of each. These two feed stuffs are relatively inexpensive, easy to produce on Umn and readily available than fish meal.
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